美国环境激素污染防治经验及对我国的启示  

Experience of environmental hormone pollution prevention in the United States and its implications to China

作　　者：李媛媛 刘金淼 黄新皓 姜欢欢 LI Yuanyuan;LIU Jinmiao;HUANG Xinhao;JIANG Huanhuan(Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部环境与经济政策研究中心

出　　处：《环境与可持续发展》2019年第6期85-89,共5页Environment and Sustainable Development

摘　　要：近年来,环境激素类物质在工业生产、农业、医疗和畜禽养殖业中大量使用,并通过废水、排泄物等方式进入到水体中,对生态环境和人体健康造成了极大的威胁。美国在环境激素污染控制和防治对策等方面积累了丰富经验,值得借鉴。美国环境激素污染控制特点:一是出台了多部法律法规,明确了对环境激素的监管规定;二是建立了环境激素监管机构;三是开展内分泌干扰物筛查项目,为环境激素的监管提供科学支持。但是目前我国存在着环境激素污染现状不清、排放标准缺乏、科学研究不足等问题。结合中国的现状,建议:完善环境激素监管机构,明确各部门职责;完善我国针对环境激素的标准;加强基础研究;强化源头治理,建立监管体系。In recent years, environmental hormones are used extensively in industrial production, agriculture, medical treatment and livestock,and have been discharged into water bodies by wastewater and excreta,which have posed a great threat to ecological environment and human health. The United States has accumulated rich experience in environmental hormone pollution control and prevention,which is worth learning from. Environmental hormone pollution control in the United States has the following characteristics: introducing a number of laws and regulations on environmental hormone;establishing environmental hormone regulatory organizations;implementing endocrine disruptor screening program and providing scientific support for environmental hormone management. However, there are still problems including the current situation of environmental hormone pollution is not clear,lack of emission standards and insufficient scientific research in China. In the light of China’s current situation,the suggestions are as follows: improving the environmental hormone regulatory authority and clarifying the responsibilities of different departments;establishing China’s laws and regulations on environmental hormones;strengthening basic research and source governance;establishing a regulatory system.

关 键 词：环境激素 美国 内分泌干扰物筛查项目 

分 类 号：X21[环境科学与工程—环境科学]