塑造与进步:中国近代盲女的教导与角色——以北京盲人学校为例(1874—1911)  

Become and Improve: Education, Guidance and Roles of the Blind Women in Modern China: a Case Study of Peking School for the Blind (1874—1911)

作　　者：刘蕊[1] LIU Rui(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2020年第2期45-54,共10页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

摘　　要：中国传统社会中的盲人女子实质上皆是依附他人,受人操纵的。传统社会普遍认为盲女只能是乞丐、妓女,而这也是大多数盲女的角色,她们一般没有接受教育的机会。1874年,苏格兰传教士威廉·希尔·穆瑞在北京建立了中国第一所盲人学校。学校对盲女学生进行文化教育和生活实践指导,教导盲女学生成为盲人与文盲妇女的教师,或参与其他受到社会尊重的工作,这在一定程度上促进了社会观念的革新。实践证明,盲人女性可以通过教育拓展自己的社会角色并实现独立自主。In traditional Chinese society,no matter lucky or miserable the life of blind women was inevitably dependable and being manipulated.It was generally believed in society that blind women could only be beggars or prostitutes,which was true to some extent for most blind women who had no chance to receive education.In 1874,Scottish missionary William Hill Murray set up the first school for blind in Beijing.Blind female students could learn knowledge and skills.So,independently,they had ability to participate in social work,such as becoming the teachers of blind and illiterate students.Meanwhile,this event helped to innovate traditional social ideas.The practice of the education and guidance of blind women proved education could transform them into capable and self-reliant people.

关 键 词：穆瑞盲人学校 盲女教导 塑造 盲女角色 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]