基于系统文献检索的3-MCPD及其酯类经口暴露的危害评估  

Hazard assessment of the health effects of 3-chloropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) and its esters by oral exposure based on systematic literature searches

作　　者：齐丽娟[1] 宋雁 张晓鹏 刘兆平 贾旭东 张维[1] 郑珊[1] 张文静 何雨欣 娄云[1] 高珊[1] 李国君[1] QI Li-juan;SONG Yan;ZHANG Xiao-peng;LIU Zhao-ping;JIA Xu-dong;ZHANG Wei;ZHENG Shan;ZHANG Wen-jing;HE Yu-xin;LOU Yun;GAO Shan;LI Guo-jun(Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning,Beijing Centers for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Centers for Preventive Medical Research,Beijing 100013,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心食物中毒诊断溯源技术北京市重点实验室,北京100013 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100021

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2019年第6期432-438,共7页Journal of Toxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(#2018YFC1602703,#2018YFC1603102)

摘　　要：氯丙醇类化合物是国际公认的在食品加工过程中产生的污染物。其中3-一氯丙烷-1,2-二醇(3-MCPD)被认为是精炼植物油中含量最高的食品污染物。基于食品安全的考虑,有必要对3-MCPD及其酯类进行经口暴露的健康危害评估。本文基于系统文献检索(Systematic Literature Searches,SLS)方法,收集3-一氯丙烷-1,2-二醇(3-MCPD)及其酯类的危害识别、危害特征描述的有效毒理学数据,开展其危害评估。主要研究内容为3-MCPD及其酯类的“毒理学特征”和“毒性效应”。采用SLS方法通过定义研究问题、构建检索策略、检索数据、数据筛选完成文献检索,并整理数据获取3-MCPD及其酯类毒理学相关信息完成危害评估。检索范围包括文献型数据库和相关权威机构官方数据库。对初步检索获得的文献进行去重、筛选后,将其中的26篇文献作为本危害评估报告的核心参考文献及数据来源。在上述文献中,动物研究显示肾和睾丸是3-MCPD毒性效应主要靶器官。长期动物研究结果显示:2 mg/kg·bw·d的3-MCPD可引起雄性大鼠进行性肾毒性、睾丸毒性以及雌性大鼠肾毒性和乳腺增生。3-MCPD可导致动物生育能力下降,表现为动物精子活性降低、产仔数量减少和最终完全不育。小鼠短期暴露3-MCPD(>50 mg/kg·bw·d)可引起神经毒性作用。尚无证据表明3-MCPD具有遗传毒性。3-MCPD脂肪酸酯毒性作用与游离3-MCPD毒性作用相似。无证据表明3-MCPD脂肪酸酯具有体内遗传毒性。3-MCPD及其脂肪酸酯(表示为MCPD当量)TDI值为2μg/kg·bw·d。2006年欧盟委员会发布(EC)No.1881/2006号法规,其中规定了3-MCPD在水解植物蛋白和酱油中的最大限量均为20μg/kg。GB 2762-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》规定3-MCPD在液态调味品中的限量为0.4 mg/kg,在固态调味品中为1.0 mg/kg。肾和睾丸是3-MCPD及其酯类毒性效应主要靶器官。3-MCPD具有一定生殖Chloropropanol compounds are recognized in the world as pollutants produced in food processing,among which 3-MCPD is considered to be the highest content of food pollutants in refined vegetable oil.Considering food safety,it is necessary to evaluate the health hazards by oral exposure of 3-MCPD and its esters.Based on Systematic Literature Searches(SLS),hazard identification and hazard characterization,hazard assessment of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)and its esters was completed.The hazard assessment objects were 3-MCPD and its esters.The main research contents are the toxicological characteristics and toxic effects of 3-MCPD and its esters.SLS method was adopted to complete literature search by defining research questions,constructing search strategies,searching data,screening data,and organizing data.Then toxicology information related to 3-MCPD and esters was obtained to complete hazard assessment.The search scope included document database and official online database.After a review and screening of documents obtained in the preliminary search,26 of them were taken as the core references data sources of this hazard assessment report.In the literature above,animal studies have shown that kidneys and testicles were the main target organs for toxic effects of 3-MCPD.Long-term animal toxicity studies have shown that 3-MPCD at dose of 2 mg/kg·bw·d can cause progressive nephrotoxicity and testicular toxicity in male rats and nephrotoxicity and mammary hyperplasia in female rats.3-MCPD can lead to decreased sperm activity in animals,which is manifested as decreased animal fertility,reduced number of births and ultimately complete infertility.Short-term exposure of 3-MPCD(>50 mg/kg·bw·d)at mice can cause neurotoxic effects.There is no evidence of genetic toxicity of 3-MCPD.The toxicity of 3-MCPD fatty acid ester is similar to that of free 3-MCPD.There was no evidence that 3-MCPD fatty acid esters have genetic toxicity in vivo.The TDI of 3-MCPD and its fatty acid ester(expressed as MCPD equivalent)was 2μg/kg�

关 键 词：3-MCPD 系统文献检索 危害评估 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]