苏联学者对马克思主义法学的两种理解考辨  

An Examination of Two Understandings of Marxist Jurisprudence by Soviet Scholars

作　　者：郝玥[1] 李凯林[1] HAO Yue;LI Kai-lin

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人文学院

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2020年第2期66-73,共8页Journal of Beijing administration institute

摘　　要：马克思主义法学思想与中国法治建设的关系,在学术界有否定性意见,问题的产生与源自苏联并影响中国的两种理论解读相关。一个是帕舒卡尼斯囿于“商品交换法学”和未来共产主义社会中法的消亡原理,而否认社会主义法制建设的法律虚无主义;一个是维辛斯基强调法的阶级性而偏于意志论的法律工具主义。前者使社会主义国家趋于人治和以政代法,后者导致对法的过度意识形态化。其实,马克思主义法学的最根本之点在于坚持历史唯物主义立场,强调法律源于人类生产活动,并以其对生产力发展的正负面影响而使社会进步或倒退。马克思主义法学在改革开放的中国一直在场,有必要从意义域角度总结马克思主义法学发展的得失。There is a negative opinion on the relationship between Marxist legal thought and the building of rule of law in China in the academic circle,and the emergence of this issue is related to two theoretical interpre⁃tations originating from the Soviet union and then having an influence on China.One is legal nihilism by Evgeny Pashukanis,who was confined to the“law of commodity exchange”and the principle of the extinction of law in the future communist society and denied the socialist legal system construction,while another is legal instru⁃mentalism by Andrey Vyshinsky,who emphasized the class nature of law and tended to the will theory.The for⁃mer makes a socialist country tend to be governed by man and replace law with politics,while the latter leads to excessive ideological bias towards law.In fact,the most fundamental point of Marxist jurisprudence is a histori⁃cal materialist position to emphasize that law originates from human production activities and makes social prog⁃ress or not by its positive and negative impact on the development of productive forces.Marxist jurisprudence has always been present inChina’s reform and opening up,so it is necessary to summarize the gains and losses of the development of Marxist jurisprudence from the perspective of the province of meaning.

关 键 词：马克思主义法学 法律虚无主义 法律工具主义 法治中国建设 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]