富集黄酮的鸡腿菇栽培及营养成分分析  

Cultivation and nutrient composition analysis of Coprinus comatus with high content flavonoids

作　　者：邹莉[1] 马依莎 孙健 王世新[1] 王旭彤[1] 刘增才 ZOU Li;MA Yisha;SUN Jian;WANG Shixin;WANG Xutong;LIU Zengcai(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2020年第3期188-193,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：区域特色产业精准扶贫技术示范与推广(ZY17C07)

摘　　要：通过筛选鸡腿菇(Coprinus comatus)培养基配方,以提高其生产效率。通过比较红糖、马铃薯-葡萄糖-麦粒、玉米粉3种配方对菌丝体生物量、培养液外观、菌丝球生长状态和营养成分的影响,筛选鸡腿菇最适液体种配方。分别对比菌丝在以麦粒、玉米芯及豆秸为主要成分的培养料中的生长速度及状况,选出最适原种配方(质量分数):豆秸88%,麦麸10%,过磷酸钙1%,生石灰1%。在原种培养基中分别添加质量分数为0%、4%、8%的玉米须,进行出菇试验,并对鸡腿菇子实体形成、商品性状、产量及营养成分进行比较分析。结果显示,最适的液体种配方为玉米粉配方,最适的原种配方为麦粒配方。添加玉米须的栽培种配方栽培出的鸡腿菇商品性状、生物转化率以及各种营养成分均优于对照组;添加4%玉米须的配方综合表现较理想,其生物转化率达91.58%,黄酮含量比对照组提高91.52%,从覆土到子实体成熟平均用时为35.15 d,与对照差异不显著。玉米粉液体配方、麦粒原种配方,添加4%(质量分数)玉米须的栽培种配方可作为鸡腿菇高产高效的培养基配方推广使用。Coprinus comatus is a kind of delicious edible mushrooms with high nutritional value,and the demand is increasing.By selecting culture medium formula of Coprinus comatus,the production efficiency of Coprinus comatus was improved,and the reference was provided for Coprinus comatus cultivation.In this study,the effects of three formulas of brown sugar,PD wheat grain and corn flour on the mycelial biomass,the appearance of culture medium,the growth state of hyphae and the nutrient composition were compared to screen the optimal liquid formula of Coprinus comatus.The optimum seed formula(bean stalk 88%,wheat bran 10%,superphosphate 1%,quicklime 1%)was selected by the growth rate and condition of mycelium in the culture material containing wheat kernels,corn cobs and bean straw.Different proportions of corn whiskers were added to the original seed medium to obtain fruiting bodies.Afterward,the formation of fruiting bodies,commercial traits,yield and nutrient composition of Coprinus comatus were analyzed.The results show that the addition of corn flour to the liquid medium is most suitable for mycelial growth.The commercial traits,biotransformation rate and various nutrients of Coprinus comatus obtained in the medium supplemented with corn whiskers were superior to control.Medium containing 4%corn whisker performed well,the biological conversion rate 91.58%,the content of flavonoids was 91.52%higher than the control,and it takes an average of 35 days from covering soil to fruiting body maturity.In summary,the corn flour liquid formula,the wheat grain original formula,and the cultivar formula containing 4%corn whisker could be used as a high-yield and high-efficiency medium formula of Coprinus comatus.

关 键 词：鸡腿菇 液体种配方 原种配方 栽培种配方 营养成分 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]