东南亚语言焦点标记~*ko的词源研究  

The Origin of the Focus Marker ~*ko in Southeast Asian Languages

作　　者：陆天桥 LU Tianqiao

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学语言科学与艺术学院

出　　处：《民族语文》2019年第6期19-28,共10页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“名词范畴化视野下的侗台语族类别词研究”（14BYY142）的资助

摘　　要：本文对东南亚语言焦点标记*ko的句法和语音进行跨语言对比,认为该词的词源是汉语的焦点标记“可”,而非以往所认为的高棉语的*ko。历史上大规模人口南迁所引起的遍及东南亚大陆的语言接触,使该词的使用范围扩散至该地区至少七个国家的数十种语言,其扩散方向为自北向南。Burusphat(2008)claimed that the grammatical marker *ko in Mainland Southeast Asian(MSEA)languages had been borrowed into Thai from Khmer and then spread northerly to the adjacent languages except northern Tai-Kadai,Sino-Tibetan,and Vietnamese.This paper makes a phonological,syntactic and ethnological investigation of this marker across languages and finds that the origin of this marker is the Chinese focus marker ke 可which diffuses through language contact and is found in almost all languages in MSEA,covering scores of languages in at least 7 countries.The spreading direction is from north to south rather than vice versa.

关 键 词：区域扩散 焦点标记 借词 

分 类 号：H039[语言文字—语言学]