湖南衡阳方言中的“得”及“得”字被动句  

“De”and the passive sentence of the word“De”in Hengyang dialect of Hunan province

作　　者：魏醒 罗昕如[1] WEI Xing;LUO Xinru(College of Liberal Arts,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院

出　　处：《皖西学院学报》2020年第1期133-137,共5页Journal of West Anhui University

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目：方言视域中的湖南文艺研究（批准号14A105）

摘　　要：衡阳方言中,“得”可以作动词、介词和连词。作被动标记的介词“得”源于动词“得”,逐步虚化成连词,其演化历程为:“得+NP(得到)——得+NP人(+NP)(给)——得+NP+VP(用)——得+NP人+VP(让)——得+NP人+VP+CP(被)——得+S(如果被)”。衡阳方言表被动的标记只有一个“得”,它总括了普通话的“被、叫、让、给”等被动标记功能。“得”字被动句的典型格式是“NP 1+得+NP 2+VP”。分析“得”字被动句,主要从句法、语义、语用三个平面进分析。In Hengyang dialect,“de”can be used as verbs,prepositions and conjunctions.The preposition“de”for passive mark originates from the verb“de”,the verbal meaning gradually weakens,and it finally becomes a conjunctions.Its specific evolution is“de+NP(gets)—de+NPsb(+NP)(gives)—de+NP+VP(use)—de+NPsb+VP(let)—de+NPsb+VP+CP(passive voice)—de+S(if being)”.In Hengyang dialect,“de”is the only passive mark,which includes the passive mark functions of the Mandarin“Bei(passive voice),Jiao(call),rang(let),gei(give),etc”.The typical format of the passive sentence of the word“de”is“NP 1+de+NP 2+VP”.The passive sentence of the word“de”is analyzed from three aspects:syntax,semantics and pragmatics.

关 键 词：衡阳方言 “得” 被动句 三个平面 

分 类 号：H174[语言文字—汉语]