图位克隆技术新型遗传学实验教学项目的设计与实践  

Design and Practice of a New Teaching Project of the Map-based Cloning Experiment in Genetics

作　　者：陈析丰 刘亚萍 马伯军 Chen Xifeng;Liu Yaping;Ma Bojun(College of Chemistry and Life Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院

出　　处：《植物学报》2019年第6期797-803,共7页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31671650,No.31871605);浙江省自然科学基金(No.LY18C130002,No.LD19C130001)

摘　　要：染色体重组与连锁互换是遗传学教学的重点和难点。为使学生更好地理解此方面知识,我们课题组前期利用图位克隆(map-based cloning)技术,克隆了1个调控水稻(Oryza sativa)类病变表型的基因SPL5,并基于此设计了一个新的综合型遗传学实验,即利用DNA分子标记对基因进行定位。实验中学生利用水稻spl5突变体与野生型杂交获得的F2代定位群体和多态性分子标记,对spl5突变进行染色体连锁分析、初步定位和遗传作图。该教学实验不仅可有效促进学生对遗传学三大定律的理解,而且对其开阔视野、提高解决问题和团队协作的能力也有促进作用。Recombination, linkage and crossover of chromosomes are the key and difficult points in genetics teaching. For students’ comprehensively understanding these concepts in teaching, we designed a new genetic experiment named ‘Gene mapping using DNA molecular markers’ based on the principle of the map-based cloning method, using our previous studies on cloning of a rice lesion-mimic phenotype regulating gene SPOTTED LEAF 5(SPL5) as an example. In this experiment, students are instructed to perform the linkage analysis, genetically map the spl5 mutation and align a genetic map by using an F2 population generated by a cross between spl5 and wild-type plants and polymorphic molecular markers. This teaching experiment can not only effectively promote students’ understanding of the three Laws of genetics, but also be helpful to broaden their vision and improve their ability to solve problems and work in a team.

关 键 词：遗传学 综合设计性实验 图位克隆 教学资源 

分 类 号：Q3-4[生物学—遗传学] G642.423[文化科学—高等教育学]