单位体制与员工参加技能培训的收入回报差异——基于上海都市社区调查数据(SUNS)的实证研究  

Work Units and Earnings Returns from Vocational Skills Training to the Employees:Empirical Research Based on Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey

作　　者：乌尼日其其格 陈伟[1] 刘玉照[1] Wuniriqiqige;Wei Chen;Yuzhao Liu(Shanghai University,Shanghai,200444)

机构地区：[1]上海大学社会学院

出　　处：《教育与经济》2020年第1期54-63,共10页Education & Economy

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(19JHQ075)

摘　　要：本文使用上海都市社区调查(SUNS)数据来探讨工作单位提供的职业技能培训能否增加员工收入以及收入回报在不同体制单位之间的差异。结果显示,在控制获得培训的选择性因素以及其他人力资本因素之后,工作单位提供的职业技能培训能够显著增加员工的收入。由于不同体制单位雇佣关系的稳定性不同,这些单位提供技能培训和工人参与技能培训的积极性也不同。在雇佣关系更稳定的体制内单位,其员工技能培训的参与率和回报率都高于体制外单位员工。进一步分析发现,体制内单位和体制外单位中都是雇佣关系更稳定的管理岗位员工更能获得职业技能培训,这一现象在体制内单位更加明显。This paper uses the data from Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey(SUNS)to answer these two questions about 1)whether the vocational skills training provided by employers will increase employee’s income or not and 2)whether the effect will vary in different type of work units or not.The empirical results show that the vocational skills training provided by employers has positive effect on employee’s income,while the endogeneity of training opportunity and other human capital factors are controlled for.However,work unit’s enthusiasm for skills training and the proportion of its returns shared by employers and employees are affected by the stability of the employment relationship.As a result,the participation rate and return rate of skills training in government owned enterprises is much higher than that in private owned enterprises.Further study found that employees with more stable management positions in the units and outside the system are better able to obtain vocational skills training.This phenomenon is more obvious in the public system.

关 键 词：职业技能培训 收入回报 单位体制 倾向值分析 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]