分葱采后不同干枯等级葱叶品质生理生化指标的变化  

Changes of Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of the Quality of Fistular Onion Leaves at Different Drying Grades After Harvest

作　　者：郭元元[1] 蒋万 蒋月喜 张力[1] 宋焕忠[1] 陈琴 车江旅[4] 吴永升[1] 李洋 零活 张云芸 陈振东[1] GUO Yuan-yuan;JIANG Wan;JIANG Yue-xi;ZHANG Li;SONG Huan-zhong;CHEN Qin;CHE Jiang-lyu;WU Yong-sheng;LI Yang;LING Huo;ZHANG Yun-yun;CHEN Zhen-dong(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Changde Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Changde,Hunan 415000,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding and New Technology Development,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]常德市农林科学研究院,湖南常德415000 [3]广西蔬菜育种与新技术研究重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [4]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2020年第1期50-58,共9页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：广西科技计划重大专项(桂科AA17204042)

摘　　要：探究分葱采后不同干枯等级中葱叶品质指标的变化情况,为分葱的贮藏运输提供理论依据。调查商品成熟期大叶分葱品种AF37和小叶分葱品种AF45的农艺性状,于采后常温(25±1)℃、相对湿度(70%±5%)条件下贮藏,依据葱叶干尖程度进行分级(0、1、5、9和10级),测定并比较两个分葱品种在各等级下的含水率、叶绿素、总蛋白、可溶性糖、维生素C和硝态氮含量。结果表明:两个分葱品种在农艺性状上存在差异,大叶分葱品种AF37株型较大,平均株高为57.51 cm、叶横径为1.02 cm;小叶分葱品种AF45株型较小,平均株高为42.52 cm、叶横径为0.53 cm,而单株叶数多达4叶·株-1。随着葱叶干枯等级增加,大叶分葱品种AF37和小叶分葱品种AF45葱叶含水率从0级的87.97%、90.29%降低至10级的7.28%、11.15%,干枯5级时分葱已丧失商品价值;叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量随干枯等级增加均呈急速减少趋势,干枯5级之前下降均为极显著差异;总蛋白含量随着干枯程度的加深而缓慢降低,分别从0级的0.44、0.60 mg·g-1减少至10级的0.05、0.07 mg·g-1;葱叶可溶性糖含量分别从0级的30.83、40.02 mg·g-1减少至10级的2.86、3.81 mg·g-1;维生素C含量有较大幅度的下降,分别从0级的1.73、1.14 mg·g-1降至10级的0.03、0.04 mg·g-1,其中1级之前维生素C含量下降幅度较大之后慢慢降低;硝态氮含量也随着分葱的干枯而呈下降的趋势,大叶分葱AF37中硝态氮含量降低差异不显著(P>0.01),而小叶分葱AF45则差异显著(P<0.01)。相关性分析结果表明,葱采后干枯程度增加,伴随葱叶失水、失绿黄化及物质降解衰退过程,干枯等级数与分葱含水率、叶绿素、蛋白质、可溶性糖、维生素C及硝态氮含量等主要品质指标均呈显著或极显著相关性,其划分具有实际的意义。分葱在采后贮藏过程伴随葱叶失水、失绿黄化及物质降解衰退过程,各项品质的理化指标均�The changes of quality indexes of fistular onion leaves at different drying grades of shallot after harvest were studied,thus to provide theoretical basis for the storage and transportation of shallot.In order to investigate the agronomic characteristics of large-leaved variety AF37 and small-leaved variety AF45 in the mature period,they were stored at room temperature(25±1)℃and relative humidity(70%±5%)after harvest.Then,the contents of moisture content,chlorophyll,total protein,soluble sugar,vitamin C and nitrate nitrogen of the two varieties of Allium fistulosum L.var.caespitosum Makino at different grades were determined and compared according to the drying degree of fistular onion leaves(which was graded to grades 0,1,5,9 and 10).The results showed that there were differences in agronomic traits between the two varieties.The plant type of the large-leaved variety AF37 was larger,with an average plant height of 57.51 cm and leaf transverse diameter of 1.02 cm.The plant type of small-leaved variety AF45 was small,with an average plant height of 42.52 cm and leaf transverse diameter of 0.53 cm,and the number of leaves per plant was up to 4.With the increase of drying grades of fistular onion leaves,the moisture content of fistular onion leaves of the large-leaved variety AF37 and small-leaved variety AF45 decreased from 87.97%and 90.29%at grade 0 to 7.28%and 11.15%at grade 10,and the bunching onion has lost its commodity value when the drying grade was 5.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll decreased rapidly with the increase of the drying grade,and the decrease was extremely significant before the drying grade was 5.The content of total protein decreased slowly with the deepening of the drying degree,from 0.44 and 0.60 mg·g-1 at grade 0 to 0.05 and 0.07 mg·g-1 at grade 10,respectively.The content of soluble sugar in fistular onion leaves decreased from 30.83 and 40.02 mg·g-1 at grade 0 to 2.86 and 3.81 mg·g-1 at grade 10,respectively.The content of vitamin C decreased signi

关 键 词：分葱 采后 品质 生理生化 贮藏 

分 类 号：S633[农业科学—蔬菜学]