汉语分级阅读的词汇影响因素研究  

Study on the Influence Factors of Chinese Graded Reading Vocabulary

作　　者：赵凤娇 Zhao Fengjiao(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语国际教育研究院

出　　处：《语文学刊》2020年第1期12-17,共6页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“汉语文本可读性测评和分级的跨学科研究”(17ZDA305)

摘　　要：文本可读性研究旨在为分级阅读文本的选取和编写提供客观、可量化的评测依据。本文选取部编版二年级、七年级和十二年级语文教材构建低、中、高三个难度等级的文本库,从词汇多样性、词频概貌、词汇密度和词汇长度四个维度考察可能影响汉语文本可读性的词汇因素。研究发现影响低难度与中、高难度文本分级的主要词汇因素为:MSTTR>常用词词频>实词数>词种数>单音节词长>词数>双音节词长>实词比,而中、高难度文本在词汇层面并无显著差异;这些词汇因素在不同长度文本中预测效力基本一致,在一定程度上表明这些词汇因素对文本难度的评测具有有效性和稳定性。The purpose of readability research is to provide objective and quantifiable evaluation foundation for the selection and compilation of graded reading texts. This paper chooses the Grade 2, Grade 7, and Grade 12 Chinese textbooks edited by teaching material compiled by Ministry of Education to construct the textbooks with three levels of difficulty: low, medium and high. From the perspective of lexicology, this paper investigates the lexical factors that may affect the readability of Chinese texts from four dimensions: lexical variation, lexical frequency profile, lexical density and lexical length. It is found that the main lexical factors affecting the classification of low-difficulty, medium-difficulty(or high-difficulty) texts are: MSTTR 〉 the Commonly Used Words Frequency〉 Number of Notional Words 〉the Type of Words 〉 Length of Single Syllable 〉the Token of Words 〉 Length of Two Syllables 〉 Ratio of Notional Words. There is no significant difference in lexical level between high-difficulty and medium-difficulty texts. It is also found that these lexical factors have almost the same predictive effect in different texts, to some extent, it indicates that these lexical factors are effective and stable in evaluating text difficulty.

关 键 词：分级阅读 可读性 词汇因素 部编版《语文》 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语]