数字化情境下互联网独角兽的公司创业路径研究  

Corporate entrepreneurial path of internet unicorn enterprises in digital context

作　　者：刘莎莎[1] 宋立丰 宋远方[1] LIU Sha-sha;SONG Li-feng;SONG Yuan-fang(Business School,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Business School,Beijing Wuzi University,Beijing 10149,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院,北京100872 [2]北京物资学院商学院,北京101149

出　　处：《科学学研究》2020年第1期113-123,共11页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(7187020790);服务北京“四个中心”建设和北京城市副中心建设研究项目(2019XJSGZX06)

摘　　要：滴滴出行进入共享单车行业、美团点评进入网约车领域等互联网独角兽企业看似"不理智"的公司创业行为引起了全社会和学者们的广泛关注。以往的目标导向和手段导向创业逻辑难以适用于此类公司创业行为的解释、评价和预测。本文通过文献综述及案例对比发现,不同创业逻辑的适用情境有所区别,数字化创业情境突破核心资源有限性假设,创业边界趋向模糊,创业环境高度不确定,创业目标难以预定义。在此情境下,以数据为核心资产的独角兽企业的创业路径采用机会构建+识别的方式,通过构建数据关系,实现数据协同培育机会发育土壤;通过数据价值再生构建创业机会;通过挖掘数据组合识别细分需求;通过提高数据迁移成本反哺机会培育土壤,实现螺旋式上升的公司创业路径。在此基础上,本文提出围绕数据的公司创业评价体系。Didi entered into the shared bicycle industry, the Meituan Dianping threw into the car-hailing service field and including other seemingly "irrational" corporate entrepreneurial behavior of the Internet unicorn companies has aroused widespread concern of the whole society and scholars. The process of causation and effectuation are difficult to apply to the interpretation, evaluation and prediction of such companies’ entrepreneurial behaviors. Through literature review and case study, this paper finds that the application scenarios of different entrepreneurial process are different. The digital entrepreneurial context breaks through the limited assumption of core resources, the entrepreneurial boundary tends to be blurred, the entrepreneurial environment is highly uncertain, and the entrepreneurial goal is difficult to pre-define. In this situation, the unicorn enterprises, whose core asset is data, adopt opportunity construction+recognization to realizes the relationship construction and the synergy among data thus to develop the soil for the opportunities, build the entrepreneurial opportunity through data value regeneration, identify the subdivision needs through the data combination, raise the data migration cost to nurture the opportunity developing soil and realize the spiraling corporate entrepreneurship path. Based on this perspective, this paper proposed a company entrepreneurship evaluation system around data.

关 键 词：数字化情境 目标导向 手段导向 公司创业路径 公司创业评价 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理]