钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性研究进展  

Research progress on the stability of perovskite solar cells

作　　者：朱彧 杜晨 王硕 马瑞新[1] 王成彦[1] ZHU Yu;DU Chen;WANG Shuo;MA Rui-xin;WANG Cheng-yan(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2020年第1期16-25,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基础研究基金资助项目(230201606500078);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1702252,U1302274,51674026)

摘　　要：从钙钛矿晶格结构和器件结构入手,介绍了钙钛矿电池的发展历程,总结了A位,B位及X位的组分调控方法、一步法、两步法及其他成膜方法,形貌控制方法,最后,详细讨论了钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性的影响因素,光热湿等因素是引起钙钛矿晶体分解,导致电池性能下降的主要原因.最后,稳定性问题已经成为阻碍钙钛矿电池产业化的最大的障碍,介绍了钙钛矿太阳能电池当前稳定性问题的主要解决方案:开发更稳定的钙钛矿结构,开发用于控制晶粒生长的新添加剂,以及选择具有优异性能的空穴传输层和电子传输层.In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy and industrial technologies, the solar cell industry has begun to receive considerable attention. Perovskite solar cells are regarded as the third-generation solar cells. As of April 2019, on the basis of the international certification, the maximum power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is 24.2%, which is similar to the highest power conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells. Perovskite solar cells exhibit high power conversion efficiency, low cost, simple preparation, and diversity of structure, which makes them the leaders in next-generation thin-film photovoltaic devices. In this paper the development history of perovskite solar cells was reported;the perovskite crystal structure and device structure were discussed in detail;and a tolerance factor for obtaining a more stable perovskite structure was introduced. We then summarized the A-site, B-site, and X-site composition engineering, the one-step, two-step and other fabrication methods and morphology control methods of perovskite thin films that could stabilize the perovskite crystal structure, reduce the pollution and harm of lead in perovskite films, control the growth of perovskite film, and regulate the band gaps. In addition, the influencing factors on the stability of perovskite solar cells was also discuss;light stability, thermal stability, and humidity stability that are the main causes of the decomposition of perovskite crystals, resulting in a serious decrease in device performance owing to the phase transition and degradation. The biggest obstacle for the industrialization of perovskite solar cells is the stability. Finally a series of methods that can improve the stability of perovskite solar cells were analyzed.The main solutions to the current stability problems of perovskite solar cells include the development of more stable 2D/3D perovskite structures, the development of new additives to control the growth of grains using the interfacial medication methods, and the s

关 键 词：钙钛矿太阳能电池 稳定性 结构 影响因素 调控 

分 类 号：O472[理学—半导体物理]