湖南省水稻生产水足迹及其影响因素研究  

Water footprint and its influencing factors on rice production in Hunan

作　　者：崔克蓉 向平安[3,4] CUI Kerong;XIANG Ping’an(College of Biological Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Biological And Electromechanical Polytechnic,Changsha 410127,China;Rural Ecosystem Health Laboratory of Hunan Dongting Lake Area,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Business,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南生物机电职业技术学院,长沙410127 [3]湖南农业大学洞庭湖区农村生态系统健康湖南省重点实验室,长沙410128 [4]湖南农业大学商学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第1期176-182,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BJY028)

摘　　要：为分析湖南省水稻生产水资源的占用情况,采用水足迹方法研究了2002—2015年湖南省水稻生产水足迹;利用贡献率分析方法探究气象因子和生产要素对水稻水足迹的影响。结果表明:水稻水足迹在研究时段内整体呈现下降态势,年际变化呈现波动性上升期(2002—2005年)、快速下降期(2005—2009年)、缓慢下降期(2009—2015年)三个阶段性波动特征;灰水足迹最大,比例从69.03%下降到68.98%,蓝水足迹比例从14.21%下降到12.75%;绿水足迹从16.75%提高到18.26%;农机动力、化肥投入、成灾率是是水足迹的主要影响因素,其中农机动力起抑制作用,化肥投入、成灾率起促进作用。建议湖南水稻生产水足迹调控的措施主要为提高水稻生产机械化水平及合理施肥。The water footprint of rice production in Hunan province was studied by using the water footprints as a measuring tool for analyzing water occupation from 2002 to 2015,and contribution rate analysis was applied to explore the effects of meteorological factors and production factors on rice water footprint.The results showed that the rice water footprint showed a downward trend in the study period,and the interannual variation showed obvious fluctuation characteristics,which could be divided into three stages:fluctuation rising stage(2002-2005),rapid decline stage(2005-2009),and slow decline stage(2009-2015).Grey water footprint was the largest,the proportion decreased from 69.03% to 68.98%,blue water footprint decreased from 14.21% to 12.75%,and green water footprint increased from 16.75%to 18.26%.Agricultural machinery power,fertilizer input and disaster rate were the main factors affecting water footprint.Among them,agricultural machinery power played a restraining role,while fertilizer input and disaster rate played a promoting role.It is suggested that the water footprint control measures for rice production in Hunan Province is mainly to improve the mechanization level of rice production and apply fertilizer rationally.

关 键 词：水稻 蓝水足迹 绿水足迹 灰水足迹 贡献率分析 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q149[生物学—生态学]