科学评价新中国历史的方法论原则  

On the Methodology of Scientific Evaluation of New China’s History

作　　者：陈曙光[1,2] Chen Shuguang

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)马克思主义学院 [2]中共中央党校马克思主义理论与中国实践湖北省协同创新中心

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2019年第12期92-101,150,共11页Studies on Marxism

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的方法论思想研究”(15ZDA003)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：正确评价新中国历史,对于我们客观地总结过去、更好地走向未来具有重要意义。历史评价必须遵循马克思主义的世界观方法论,坚持正确的原则和标准。具体包括:历史与道德相统一,历史标准优先于道德标准,重视道德尺度,反对道德决定论;实践与本本相统一,实践标准高于本本标准,重视本本权威,不以本本论是非;总体与个体相结合,总体标准优先于个体标准,重视个体感受,不为个别意见所绑架;效果与动机相统一,效果优先于动机,重视行动预期,关键拿效果来说话;成绩与代价相统一,坚持利大于弊、得大于失,重视发展代价,关键以最小代价换取最大进步;粗细与界线相结合,不拘泥于历史碎片,重视宏大史实,反对历史虚无主义,反对细节决定论;坚持评价的中国立场,重视西方智慧,反对西方中心史观。It is of great significance for us to summarize the past objectively and move towards the future by evaluating the history of New China correctly.Making a historical assessment,we must follow the Marxist worldview and methodology,adhere to correct principles and standards,specifically including unity of the history and morality,historical standards prior to moral ones,emphasis on moral standards but opposition against moral determinism;unity of practice and texts,practice standards prior to text ones,emphasis on the authority of texts,but opposition against right or wrong judgement in terms of texts;unity of collectivity and individuality,collective standards prior to individual ones,emphasis on individual feelings but opposition against kidnapping by individual opinions;unity of effect and motivation,effect prior to motivation,emphasis on the anticipation of action,as well as the effect;unity of achievement and cost,insistence in benefits over cost,gains over losses,emphasis on the cost of development,minimum cost for maximum development;unity of macro-micro view and boundary view,unlimitation to historical fragments,emphasis on macro-historical facts,opposition against historical nihilism and detail determinism;insistence in evaluating from the standpoint of China,emphasis on western wisdom,opposition against the western-centric view of history.

关 键 词：新中国70年 历史评价 历史方法论 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]