亨利·詹姆斯在商业文化背景下对亲子关系的忧思  

Henry James’s Concern about Parent-child Relationship in the Commercialized Culture

作　　者：任雪丽 REN Xue-li(School of Foreign Languages of Renmin University of China,Beijing,100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学外国语学院

出　　处：《科学．经济．社会》2020年第1期103-110,共8页Science Economy Society

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目“《亨利·詹姆斯小说中的家庭伦理研究》，项目编号为18DWWJ09”;国家社科基金项目“《亨利·詹姆斯的艺术主题小说研究》，项目号为16BWW043”;国家社科基金重大项目“《剑桥文学批评史》(九卷本)翻译与研究，项目编号为15ZDB091”的阶段性成果

摘　　要：十九世纪后半叶,英美国家的工业化和城市化蓬勃发展,商业文化价值观侵蚀着清教传统价值观,竞争与交换意识挑战了传统的家庭伦理观念。在金钱和物质至上的时代,温馨和谐的家庭关系开始变得松动,亨利·詹姆斯对这一时期的亲子关系问题有着深刻的感受和独到的见解。在他的小说中,父母甚至把孩子当作追求金钱、地位或权力的工具,亲子之间本该存在的互爱与互敬关系被专制、利用与反抗的紧张异化所取代。该论文以《一位女士的画像》《波士顿人》《罗德里克·哈德逊》《华盛顿广场》和《悲剧缪斯》为主要文本,讨论被父母工具化的孩子在他小说中的三种不同的表现类型,他们大致可以分为被动屈从型、悲剧反抗型和独立自主型。本文认为,詹姆斯在商业文化背景下反复书写亲子关系,表明他对人性和生活复杂性的充分认识,以及他对亲情关系的忧思,亲子关系也是当今时代需要严肃思考和慎重处理的问题。During the second half of the nineteenth century,the British and American capitalism and industrialization flourished,the commercialized culture eroded the Puritan traditional values,and competition and exchange consciousness challenged the traditional family ethics. In a money and material-oriented age,the traditional harmonious family relationship became loosened,Henry James had his deep perception and special understanding about family problems. In his novels,the parents even made their children their own instrument of pursuing money,position or power,and the mutual love and respect in the parent-child relationship in the past was replaced by the tension and alienation caused by tyranny and revolt.This paper,taking James’ s The Portrait of a Lady,The Bostonians,Roderick Hudson Washington Square and The Tragic Muse as main texts,intends to discuss the general three different types of children taken as instruments by their parents: the totally submissive children,the tragically revolting children and the ultimately independent children. It holds that James viewed family ethics against the background of commercialized culture,which shows his full understanding of the complexity of humanity and human life,and his humanist concern about family relationship in his time. We should also treat parentchild relationship seriously and prudently in contemporary time.

关 键 词：亨利·詹姆斯 商业文化 工具 异化 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]