亚里士多德形而上学中的个体化原则  

The Principle of Individuation in Aristotle’s Metaphysics

作　　者：王成军[1] WANG Chengjun(School of Philosophy,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei,China,430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学哲学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期21-33,共13页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年项目“中后期中世纪哲学与亚里士多德主义关系研究”(14YJC720025)。

摘　　要：如果亚里士多德形而上学当中有一个个体化原则的话,那么,这个原则将是什么?当代学者们对此的看法有很大的分歧。然而,如果我们明确在亚里士多德的哲学当中,个体等同于实体,而且,他的“个体”是在“形式”和“复合物”这两个意义上谈论的话,那么,我们可以合理地认为,在其哲学语境之中,形式才是他可能会承认的个体化原则,既然在他看来,不仅形式自身就是一个“这个”,而且也因其对复合物的本体论的优先性而足以成为复合物的个体化原则。以形式作为亚里士多德的个体化原则,不仅相对于其它个体化方案(“质料”“时空特性”“不需要”)来说是个更具理论优势的方案,而且也是一个完全能在其哲学语境中得到辩护的方案。If there is a principle of individuation in Aristotle’s metaphysics,then what should it be?The answer has diverged among contemporary scholars in Aristotelianism.However,if we make it clear that in Aristotle’s philosophy,“individual”is interchangeable with“substance”,and what he calls as individual has been called in two senses,referring to both form and the composite,then it follows that,in his philosophical context,form alone is the principle of individuation that he would hold,since form for him is not only a this(tode ti)per se,but also,because of its metaphysical priority to the composite,the cause in virtue of which a composite exists as an individual.Taking form as the principle of individuation is not a possibly better interpretation of Aristotle than other alternatives(“matter”“spacio￣temporal properties”or“none”),but also an interpretation that can be well justified within Aristotelian context.

关 键 词：个体化原则 一个“这个” 实体 形式 质料 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学]