高压静电场处理缓解高粱种子快速脱水伤害的生理机制  

Physiological Mechanism of High-pressure Electrostatic Field Treatment for Reducing Rapid Dehydration Injury of Sorghum Seeds

作　　者：李宸 杨小环[1] 吴冬梅 李颖 刘朦 鲁一微 马金虎 LI Chen;YANG Xiaohuan;WU Dongmei;LI Ying;LIU Meng;LU Yiwei;MA Jinhu(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;College of Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学工学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第3期339-344,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D221012-1)。

摘　　要：以收获期的晋杂30号高粱杂交种、恢复系种子为材料,采用4.0 kV/cm、60 min的高压静电场在种子高温(45℃)快速脱水干燥(24 h)前进行预处理,研究高压静电场预处理对种子萌发、早期幼苗生长以及种胚膜透性、保护酶活性、可溶性糖含量等的影响。结果表明,电场预处理下,高粱杂交种和恢复系种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数分别比其高温快速脱水处理高55.11%、37.91%、93.52%、175.00%和69.78%、43.15%、78.06%、101.00%;电场预处理使杂交种和恢复系种胚膜透性分别比高温快速脱水处理降低了16.36%和18.37%;电场预处理可诱导种子萌发和早期幼苗生长过程中种胚和幼苗SOD、POD、CAT活性及可溶性糖含量升高,降低种胚和幼苗MDA和超氧阴离子(O2·-)含量。电场预处理可有效缓解高温快速脱水对种子的伤害。Pretreatment was carried out 4.0 kV/cm,60 min high voltage electrostatic field at high temperature(45℃)and rapid dehydration and drying(24 h)in the harvest period of Jinza 30 sorghum hybrid and restorer seeds.The effects of high voltage electrostatic field on seed germination,early seedling growth,seed coat permeability,protective enzyme activity and soluble sugar content were studied.The results showed that the germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vigor index of sorghum hybrids and restorer lines during electric field pretreatment were 55.11%,37.91%,93.52%,175.00%and 69.78%,43.15%,78.06%,101.00%higher than their high temperature rapid dehydration treatment,respectively.The membrane permeability of hybrid and restorer lines in electric field pretreatment decreased by 16.36%and 18.37%than their high-temperature rapid dehydration treatment,respectively.Electric field pretreatment could increase the SOD,POD,CAT activity and soluble sugar content of seed embryos and seedlings during seed germination and early seedling growth,and the contents of MDA and superoxide anion(O2·-)in seed embryos and seedlings decreased.Electric field pretreatment can effectively alleviate the damage of seeds caused by high temperature and rapid dehydration.

关 键 词：高粱 高压静电场处理 种子 种子快速脱水伤害 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]