中国8个长寿地区65岁及以上老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析  

Influencing factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas in China

作　　者：康琪 吕跃斌 魏源 石婉荧 段俊 周锦辉 王蛟男 赵峰[1] 曲英莉[1] 刘玲[1] 刘迎春[1] 曹兆进[1] 俞琼[2] 施小明[1] Kang Qi;Lyu Yuebin;Wei Yuan;Shi Wanying;Duan Jun;Zhou Jinhui;Wang Jiaonan;Zhao Feng;Qu Yingli;Liu Ling;Liu Yingchun;Cao Zhaojin;Yu Qiong;Shi Xiaoming(National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,长春130012 [3]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,合肥230032

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2020年第1期20-24,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81973109,81872707,81573247);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2000400)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国8个长寿地区老年人抑郁症状影响因素。方法利用"中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查"子队列-"老年健康生物标志物队列研究"。2017年8个长寿地区数据,共纳入2180名≥65岁老年人,采用logistic回归分析老年人社会人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性病患病情况、功能状况、亲友和社会支持对抑郁症状的影响。结果中国8个长寿地区≥65岁老年人抑郁症状检出率为15.0%,其中男、女性抑郁症状检出率分别为11.5%和18.5%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,锻炼身体(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.26~0.74)、经常吃鱼类(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.39~0.83)、参加文娱活动(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.44~0.96)、参加社会活动(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.11~0.73)和能够享受社区服务(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.50~0.93)的老年人抑郁症状检出率较低。睡眠不足(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.49~2.80)、视力障碍(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.08~2.18)、患胃肠溃疡(OR=2.97,95%CI:1.53~5.77)、患关节炎(OR=2.63,95%CI:1.61~4.32)、家庭支出大于收入(OR=1.80,95%CI:1.17~2.78)和自评经济条件差(OR=4.58,95%CI:2.48~8.47)的老年人抑郁症状检出率较高。结论老年人是否锻炼身体、饮食有鱼类、参加文娱和社会活动、享受社区服务、睡眠时长、视力情况、是否有胃肠溃疡和关节炎与抑郁症状的检出率相关。Objective To analyze influencing factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas in China.Methods We recruited 2180 participants aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study,a sub-cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2017.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships of socio-demographic characteristics,behavioral lifestyle,chronic disease prevalence,functional status,family and social support with depressive symptoms in the elderly.Results The detection rate of depression symptoms was 15.0%in the elderly aged 65 years and older in 8 longevity areas of China,and the detection rate of depression symptoms was 11.5%in men and 18.5%in women.Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the detection rate of depressive symptoms was lower in the elderly who had regular physical exercises(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.26-0.74),frequent fish intakes(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.39-0.83),recreational activities(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.44-0.96),social activities(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.11-0.73)and community services(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.50-0.93).The elderly who were lack of sleep(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.49-2.80),had visual impairment(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.08-2.18),had gastrointestinal ulcer(OR=2.97,95%CI:1.53-5.77),had arthritis(OR=2.63,95%CI:1.61-4.32),had higher family expenditure than income(OR=1.80,95%CI:1.17-2.78)and were in poor economic condition(OR=4.58,95%CI:2.48-8.47)had higher detection rate of depressive symptoms.Conclusion The status of doing physical exercise,fish intake in diet,social activity participation,sleep quality or vision,and the prevalence of gastrointestinal ulcers and arthritis were associated with the detection rate of depressive symptoms in the elderly.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 老年人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]