法院立案程序的电子化构造  

Constructing the Electronic Case Filing Procedure in the Court

作　　者：安晨曦 AN Chen-xi(Law School,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学法学院

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第1期137-148,共12页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BFX002)

摘　　要：起诉与受理的在线运营,既是法院立案模式创新的制度尝试,也是法院参与国家治理的重要策略。政治关照下的网上立案试验,契合了便民的政策期待,夯实了试点改革的现实必要性与实质合法性。在弱智能时代,应区分专业与非专业受众,权衡平等性与差异性之关系,配置诉审主体间的权利义务,竭力缩小技术鸿沟对司法平等的分化;受理范围需考虑诉权保障、诉讼标的、繁简程度、证据特点等因素。为保障线上立案的公信力,应赋予在线起诉以时效中断、诉讼系属、管辖恒定等效力,尤其要明确网上起诉时刻。根据"线上包容线下""最少线下"原则,应厘清线上与线下立案的关系。适用序位应尊重当事人的选择权,设置电子诉讼行为的确认条款,通过法律解释技术确立电子文书的诉讼地位,设计线上线下立案程序转换规则。The online operation of prosecution and acceptance is not only an institutional attempt to innovate the filing model in the court,but also an important strategy for the court to participate in China’s governance.The test of online case filing with the political support accord with the policy expectations for the convenience and benefit of the people,strengthening the practical necessity and substantive legitimacy of the pilot reform.In the era of weak AI,it is necessary to distinguish professional audiences from non-professional ones,weigh the relationship between equality and difference,allocate the rights and obligations of the subjects of the trial and try to narrow the differentiation of the technology gap on judicial equality.The scope of acceptance shall take into account the protection of litigation rights,the object of litigation,the degree of complexity and the characteristics of evidence,and so on.In order to guarantee the credibility of the online case filing,force should be given to the interruption of prescription,litis contestation,the constant jurisdiction.Especially,the time of online prosecution should be defined specifically.According to the principle of"the inclusion of online case filing with the offline one"and"less application of the offline one",the relationship between online and offline case filing should be clarified.The application of order should respect the options of the parties.Furthermore,it is supposed to establish the confirmation clause of electronic litigation action,set up the litigation status of electronic documents through legal interpretation,and design the conversion rules of online and offline case filing procedures.

关 键 词：网上立案 电子交往 诉讼效益 诉权保障 程序自由 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]