浙江省学生人群2014和2018年肺结核知识及获取途径变化  

Changes of awareness of tuberculosis and access to tuberculosis-related information among students in Zhejiang Province in the year of 2014 and 2018

作　　者：王伟[1] 王飞[1] 张明五[1] 彭颖[1] 何铁牛[1] 刘魁[1] 王晓萌[1] 陈彬[1] WANG Wei;WANG Fei;ZHANG Mingwu;PENG Ying;HE Tieniu;LIU Kui;WANG Xiaomeng;CHEN Bin(Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所,杭州310051

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第2期217-220,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71640019);浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGF19H260004);浙江省哲学社会科学一般项目(19NDJC243YB);浙江省疾病预防控制中心青年科技创新人才培养项目(2017年9月8日);复旦大学公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室开放基金资助(GW2019-3)。

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省学生人群对肺结核病认知及信息获取途径的变化,为更加有效开展针对学生群体的健康促进工作,制定结核病健康促进策略提供有关依据。方法于2014年4-9月、2018年9-11月采用多阶段分层抽样方法,抽取浙江省554名≤30岁学生人群进行结核病知晓率调查,计数资料比较采用χ^2检验,应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响学生对肺结核认知的相关因素。结果知道肺结核者440人(79.4%),其中2014年215人(85.7%)、2018年225人(74.3%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(AOR=1.60,95%CI=1.04~2.47)、文化程度[初中AOR(95%CI)=1.99(1.03~3.85)、高中AOR(95%CI)=3.27(1.57~6.81)、大专及以上AOR(95%CI)=6.73(2.55~17.76)]、调查时间(AOR=0.50,95%CI=0.31~0.80)是知道肺结核的相关因素。两次调查知道肺结核的学生人群对5条肺结核核心信息认知得分及格比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2018年知道肺结核病的学生中结核病防治知识来自网络(论坛、微信、微博)(75.10%)、社区活动(集会宣传)等(26.70%)的报告率较2014年高(36.20%,13.10%)(χ^2值分别为68.88,12.79,P值均<0.01)。结论 2014,2018年浙江省≤30岁学生人群对肺结核及其核心信息的认知变化不大,结核病防治相关信息从网络等新媒体的信息来源比例显著提升。建议开展结核病健康教育活动,除以传统健康教育为基础外,还需加强新媒体技术的运用。Objective To explore the changes of awareness of tuberculosis and access to tuberculosis-related information among students in Zhejiang Province. Methods There were 554 students younger than 30 y were included in the study during April to sept. of 2014 and during sept. to Nov. of 2018. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were conducted to find the related factors of knowing about tuberculosis and related knowledge. Chi-square test was used to analyze the changes of ways access to tuberculosis-related information. Results There were 440 participants( 79. 4%) aware of tuberculosis, including 215( 85. 7%) in2014 and 225( 74.3%) in 2018. The factors affecting awareness on tuberculosis were female( AOR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.04-2.47) vs male;and junior middle school( AOR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.03-3.85), high school( AOR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.57-6. 81), college or higher( AOR = 6.73,95%CI = 2.55-17. 76) vs primary school or lower;year 2018( AOR = 0. 50, 95% CI = 0. 31-0. 80) vs 2014.There was no significant statistical difference in the overall knowledge scores of tuberculosis between the students in the two surveys.In 2018, the proportion of tuberculosis-related information accessed from the Internet( forum, We Chat, Weibo.) and community activities( assembly promotion)( 75.10%, 26.70%) was higher than that of 2014( 36.20%, 13.10%)( χ^2= 68.88, 12.79, P< 0.05).Conclusion The proportion of students aware of tuberculosis and TB control in Zhejiang Province were not significantly improved.Higher proportion of students get tuberculosis-related information from the new media. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen health education of tuberculosis in schools, especially through the usage of new media apart from traditional pathways.

关 键 词：结核 肺 认知 信息获取 健康教育 学生 

分 类 号：G465[文化科学—教育学] R174.6[文化科学—教育技术学]