船用离心风机流动诱发噪声定量研究  

A quantitative study of fluid-induced noise of a marine centrifugal fan

作　　者：张建华 楚武利[2,3] 张晶辉 ZHANG Jian-hua;CHU Wu-li;ZHANG Jing-hui(School of Aircraft,Xi'an Aeronautical University,Xi'an 710072,China;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航空学院飞行器学院,陕西西安710129 [2]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710072 [3]先进航空发动机协同创新中心,北京100191

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2020年第2期126-131,136,共7页Ship Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51236006);陕西省教育厅自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(2018JK0410)。

摘　　要：对于进出口管道开口的大型船用离心风机,其内部非定常流动诱发的噪声是气动噪声和振动噪声的耦合且噪声以基频为主。本文通过数值计算方法定量研究了风机最高效率点(BEP)的基频噪声辐射,包含叶轮气动噪声、壳体气动噪声和壳体振动噪声。基于声学有限元方法,利用FW-H方程耦合URANS流场计算结果数值计算了离心风机的噪声辐射;以流动诱发壳体振动的压力脉动为噪声激励源,基于声学有限元方法,计算了壳体振动噪声辐射。结果表明,壳体基频气动噪声是风机噪声的主要贡献量(87 dB),其次是叶轮基频气动噪声(71 dB),壳体基频振动噪声最小(57 dB)。噪声叠加使总噪声辐射增加了0.9 dB,但是声场的指向性没有发生变化。For the large marine centrifugal fans with inlet and outlet pipelines opened,the centrifugal fan noise induced by internal unsteady flow is coupled part of aeroacoustics and vibroacoustics,which presents blade passing frequency(BPF)characteristic.In this paper,the BPF noise of the best efficiency point(BEP)of the fan is quantitatively studied by numerical calculation method,including aerodynamic noise of the impeller,aerodynamic noise of the casing and vibrational noise of the casing.Applying the acoustic FEM method,the FW-H equation coupled URANS results of fluid was used to simulate the noise radiation of a centrifugal fan.Besides,based on the acoustic FEM method and took the casing fluctuations induced by the internal unsteady flow as the vibrational noise source,the vibrational noise of casing is calculated.The study results shows that:the BPF aerodynamic noise of casing(87 dB)is the main contribution component of the fan noise,the aerodynamic noise of blade surface(71 dB)is second,and the vibrational noise of casing(57 dB)is the smallest.The noise superposition increased the total noise radiation by 0.9 dB,but the directivity of the noise did not change.

关 键 词：离心风机 非定常流动 气动噪声 振动噪声 声学有限元方法 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]