基于数据优先级和交通流密度的异构车联网数据链路层链路调度算法  

A HetVNETs Link Scheduling Algorithm in LLC Protocol Based on Data Priority and Traffic Flow Density

作　　者：丁男[1,2] 高壮林 许力[2] 谭国真[1] DING Nan;GAO Zhuang-Lin;XU Li;TAN Guo-Zhen(School of Computer Science and Technology&Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center of IoT and Cooperative Sensing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116023;State Key Laboratory of Software Architecture(Neusoft Corporation),Shenyang 110179)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学计算机科学与技术学院&辽宁省物联网与协同感知工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]软件架构国家重点实验室(东软集团股份有限公司),沈阳110179

出　　处：《计算机学报》2020年第3期526-536,共11页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61471084);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1700102);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT19JCC29)资助.

摘　　要：针对车联网中消息多样性与多模态的混合传输需求,多网络介质融合已成为构建车联网网络的必然趋势.如何根据通信需求优化网络资源已成为车联网中亟待解决的问题.基于传统网络协议,本文针对数据链路层协议中调度算法,提出了异构车联网逻辑链路控制层(Logical Link Control,LLC)链路调度算法(HetVNETs Link Scheduling Algorithm in LLC,HLSA).该算法将车联网中交通流密度、数据报文优先级和链路通信状态作为参数,对车联网中不同链路进行调度.首先,根据车联网协议标准,本文定义了四种数据优先级.同时,定义了RTT因子和拥塞因子对数据链路层协议中各个路径状态进行表征.并且,设计了链路相似度(Data Priority-based Link Similarity,DPLS)为分发数据报文提供调度依据.该相似度利用路径中待交互数据报文的优先级与已缓存的数据报文优先级的相似度进行统计.其次,利用Pareto最优计算出IEEE 802.11p链路中非安全短消息数据报文的最大分发频率上界.基于DPLS和该最大分发频率上界,最终设计并实现了面向数据报文优先级的链路调度算法,并根据理论分析,给出算法的时间复杂度为O(n).最后,根据稀疏、中等、密集和极度密集四种交通拥塞场景进行大量实验验证,证明了HLSA算法相对于现有算法,在面向安全与非安全数据报文混合传输场景中数据链路层链路调度算法的有效性.Considering the diversity of messages and multimodal transmission in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,multi-network media fusion has become an inevitable trend in the construction of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks.Facing more and more data is generated and sent over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,the single wireless access technology can no longer meet the need of applications,and it is the main trend that combining two or more wireless communication technologies to improve the robustness and reliability of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks.Integrating multiple network interfaces on the terminal equipment,using resources from multiple networks,can not only provide a large-scale network covering all vehicles in a wide area,but also meet the transmission and distribution requirements of real-time security information in the region and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.However,in the current heterogeneous network convergence,data transmission is mainly based on the TCP/IP framework,and there is a lack of effective distribution strategy for data content.How to combine environmental factors with data content,improve the transmission rate of secure short messages and Quality of Experience of security services while ensuring the Quality of Experience for non-secure services,it is the challenge of heterogeneous network convergence.And how to optimize network resources according to communication requirements has become an urgent problem to be solved in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks.Based on the heterogeneous network convergence technology,this paper proposes a new link scheduling algorithm,HetVNETs Link Scheduling Algorithm in Logical Link Control protocol(HLSA).HLSA is designed based on the traditional data-link layer protocol in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,which considering the traffic flow density,link status and priority of data frame.Firstly,four types of vehicle data are defined based on the vehicle networking standard.Meanwhile,the round-trip time and congestion factor are defined,which are used to express the link communication state o

关 键 词：车联网 异构网络融合 数据优先级 PARETO最优 交通流密度 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]