“有”的发现与以“无”全“有”--兼谈学界对道家与玄学的某些误解  

Misconceptions about Lao-Zhuang philosophy and Wei-Jin metaphysics

作　　者：汪韶军[1] WANG Shao jun

机构地区：[1]海南大学人文传播学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第1期28-33,146,共7页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“道家自然和谐思想研究”(13FZX002);教育部“中西部高校综合实力提升工程”子项目“海南文化软实力科研创新团队”(01J1N10005003)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在老庄那里,道与万物并不是决定者与被决定者的紧张关系,相反,道为万物的存在与发展留出了广阔的自由空间。老庄哲学的内在理路可概括为:"有"的发现→以"无"全"有"→各适其天。"有"指宇宙全体生命,"无"指无为原则。没有"有"的发现,就不会想到要提出"道"和"无";尊"道"贵"无"不是要贱"有",而恰恰是为了全"有"。郭象错误地理解了形上本体与万物的关系。现当代不少学者又不自觉地以西方哲学的本体论模式来解读老庄哲学与魏晋玄学,结果将"有"的发现当作郭象的创新,这是误解了老庄哲学与王弼"贵无"论的整体取向,把它们与"崇有"截然对立起来,导致本是老庄已有的思想倒变成了郭象的独特贡献。Lao-Zhuang philosophy believes that Tao allows things to exist and grow instead of determining them,from which it puts forward the concept of You (有) . Guo Xiang,a prominent figure of Wei-Jin metaphysics,misunderstood the relationship between metaphysical ontology and things. When some modern researchers interpreted Lao-Zhuang philosophy and Wei-Jin metaphysics from the perspective of western philosophy,they erroneously concluded that You was raised by Guo Xiang. As a result,they credited Guo Xiang with discovering you which however is inherent in Lao-Zhuang philosophy.

关 键 词：老庄 王弼 郭象 “有” “无” 以“无”全“有” 

分 类 号：B223[哲学宗教—中国哲学]