榨菜根肿病发病与健康植株根际微生物群落功能多样性的初步分析  

A Preliminary Analysis of the Functional Diversity of the Microbial Communities in Healthy and Clubroot-Infected Soil Rhizosphere Planted with Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen et Lee

作　　者：刘烈花 董鹏 况觅 李珊蓉 袁国明 丁伟[1] LIU Lie-hua;DONG Peng;KUANG Mi;LI Shan-rong;YUAN Guo-ming;DING Wei(School of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension,Chongqing 401121,China;Chongqing Anbang Modern Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆401121 [3]重庆安邦农业发展有限公司,重庆400030

出　　处：《植物医生》2020年第1期33-38,共6页Plant Doctor

基　　金：重庆市科委技术创新与应用示范项目(cstc2018jscx-mszdX0047).

摘　　要：选择长年栽培榨菜(茎瘤芥)的区域,采集感染和未感染根肿病的茎瘤芥根际土壤,采用biology eco平板培养技术研究榨菜健康与发病土壤微生物群落代谢多样性和功能多样性的特征,测定榨菜产区根肿病罹病植株和健康植株根际土壤的理化性状,并探究其土壤FDA水解酶的活性变化.结果显示,根肿病发病根际的EC(土壤电导率)极显著高于健康根际土壤;而健康根际土壤其有效磷、全钾的含量极显著高于发病土壤,说明土壤中有效磷与全钾的含量可能与茎瘤芥根肿病的发生相关.根肿病发病土壤微生物群落平均吸光值(AWCD)高于健康根际土壤微生物群落,且出现以聚合物类和酚酸类化合物这两种碳源为主要代谢底物的微生物群落的富集.同时,土壤微生物Simpson指数、Shannon指数、均匀度指数和McIntosh指数也呈现发病土壤高于健康土壤的趋势.发病土壤FDA酶活性显著低于健康根际土壤.研究表明榨菜根肿病发病土壤与健康土壤的微生物群落功能多样性存在显著差异,其微生物群落结构的变化与榨菜根肿病的发病存在一定关系,此结果为进一步研究榨菜根肿病的发生与土壤微生物群落的关系提供参考.In a study reported herein,the rhizosphere soils of mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen et Lee)plants infected and non-infected by rootclub(Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin)in the area of long-term cultivation of the plant were analyzed and compared.The characteristics of metabolic diversity and functional diversity of the soil microbial communities were studied with the biology eco plating technology,and the characteristics of diversity and the physical and chemical properties of the rhizosphere soils of diseased and healthy plants were measured,and the changes of soil FDA hydrolase activity were investigated.The results showed that compared with the rhizosphere of healthy plants,the rhizosphere of diseased plants had significantly higher EC(soil electrical conductivity)and significantly lower contents of available phosphorus and total potassium,indicating that soil available phosphorus and total potassium may be related to clubroot in B.juncea var.tumida.The average well color development(AWCD)of soil microbial communities in the rhizome of disease-affected soil was higher than the functional diversity of healthy microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil,and the microbial community with polymer and phenolic acid as the main metabolic substrates was enriched.At the same time,the soil microbial Simpson index,Shannon index,evenness index and McIntosh index also showed a trend that they were higher in affected soil than in healthy soil.The soil FDA enzyme activity in affected soil was significantly lower than in healthy rhizosphere soil.The above results showed that there is a significant difference in the functional diversity of the microbial communities between the soil where the mustard tuber disease occurs and the healthy soil and that the change in the structure of the microbial community has a certain relationship with the occurrence of mustard clubroot disease.

关 键 词：榨菜 微生物 土壤FDA酶活性 土壤理化性质 根肿病 土壤电导率 

分 类 号：S436.344[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]