采前喷施氯化钙与醋酸钙对冬枣品质和贮藏性的影响  

Effects of pre-harvest application of calcium chloride and calcium acetate on fruit quality and storability of winter jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao)

作　　者：王清华[1] 杜振宇[1] 杨守军[2] 马海林[1] 马丙尧[1] 刘方春[1] 王静[1] WANG Qing-hua;DU Zhen-yu;YANG Shou-jun;MA Hai-lin;MA Bing-yao;LIU Fang-chun;WANG Jing(Shandong Academy of Forestry,Shandong Jinan 250014;Yantai Academy,China Agricultural Universtiy,Shandong Yantai 264670)

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南250014 [2]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第1期141-146,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划“冬枣品质提升关键技术研究”(2015GNC111010)。

摘　　要：钙对果树果实品质有重要改善作用,而品质又决定了其商品价值和种植效益。研究钙对冬枣品质和果实贮藏的影响作用,对于改善冬枣商品性能,促进冬枣产业发展具有重要意义。然而,针对冬枣施用钙肥效应的研究鲜见报道,尚未有研究对醋酸钙等有机钙肥的应用效果进行探讨。通过在果实白熟期对冬枣叶果喷钙,研究单喷施氯化钙、醋酸钙以及两者配合喷施对冬枣品质指标以及常温下贮藏性能的影响。结果表明,采前喷钙可显著提高冬枣可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、Vc、钙、总黄酮含量和果实硬度,改善了冬枣品质;与单喷施氯化钙相比,采前喷施醋酸钙可显著提高可溶性固形物、钙和总黄酮含量;氯化钙与醋酸钙配合喷施处理对枣果品质的改善效果与单施醋酸钙的效果相似。在常温贮藏条件下,采前喷施醋酸钙促进了冬枣可溶性固形物含量的升高,加速了酸度降低,减缓了Vc消耗,同时减轻了贮藏期间软化现象。与单喷施氯化钙相比,喷施醋酸钙处理更有利于冬枣保持水分,延长其货架期。综合分析认为,在冬枣白熟期喷施醋酸钙是改善果实品质和耐藏性能的有效措施。Calcium(Ca) plays important roles in fruit quality improvement,which affects the commodity value of fruits and cultivation benefits.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the effects of Ca on fruit quality and storability for the improvement of fruit characteristics and industrial development of winter jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.cv.Dongzao).However,few reports are available about Ca application of winter jujube and no study was found on the effectiveness of calcium acetate [Ca(Ac)2].A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Ca fertilizers,ie.,calcium chloride(CaCl2),calcium acetate,and their co-application on fruit quality and storability of winter jujube through pre-harvest spay applicationat fruit ripening period.The results showed the pre-harvest application of Ca fertilizers significantly enhanced the contents of soluble solid,vitaminc(Vc),Ca and total flavone as wellas fruit firmness,which improved fruit quality.Compared with solely application of CaCl2,the contents of soluble solid,Ca,and total flavone in jujube fruit were increased by Ca(Ac)2 application.Compared with solely application of Ca(Ac)2,its co-application with CaCl2 performed the same effectiveness of improving fruit quality.Under normal temperature storage,the soluble solid content in fruits was increased,the acidity decline was sped up,and the Vc consumption and softening of fruits were slowed down by Ca(Ac)2 application.Compared with solely application of CaCl2,the Ca(Ac)2 application was beneficial for maintaining moisture of winter jujube and its shelf life.There results suggested that pre-harvest application of Ca(Ac)2 was an effective measure for the improvement of fruit quality and storability.

关 键 词：冬枣 氯化钙 醋酸钙 采前喷施 品质 耐藏性 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]