《金匮要略》大黄[庶虫]虫丸“缓中补虚”探析  

An Analysis of"Huanzhong Buxu"of Dahuang Zhechong Pill in Synopsis of Golden Chamber

作　　者：徐爽 李志鸣 钟相根[1] XU Shuang;LI Zhiming;ZHONG Xianggen(Teaching and Research Section of Jingui Yaolue,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing China 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学金匮要略教研室,北京100029

出　　处：《中医学报》2020年第1期23-26,共4页Acta Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81473666);国家重点研发计划项目(SQ2019YFC170065);国家中医药管理局中医药重点学科基本科研课题项目(2013-ZDXKKF-03);北京中医药大学教育科学研究项目(XJZX18007)。

摘　　要："缓"者,"宽"也。"中"即中焦脾胃,故"缓中"为宽舒中焦脾胃。五劳七伤导致人体虚极羸瘦,症见腹满不能饮食,《金匮要略》用大黄[庶虫]虫丸以宽中补虚。腹满不能饮食当需急治,大黄宽解腹满取其速效,干地黄补土健胃赖其缓补,二者相伍共解腹满不能饮食之苦,实可推陈致新、缓中补虚。干地黄补中之外尚能滋阴养血,对本证瘀血阴虚之不能饮食有专效。方中大黄之外配伍多味破血逐瘀之品,于芍药、甘草滋阴补中之外又攻逐胃中干血,以达宽舒腹满之功。因此,"缓中补虚"实乃"宽中补虚"。"Huan"means"Kuan"."Zhong"refers to the spleen and stomach of Zhongjiao,so"Huanzhong"refers to smoothing the spleen and stomach.Five types of labor and seven types of injuries cause the body to be extremely weak,and the symptoms showed that the stomach was full and could not eat.Synopsis of Golden Chamber uses Dahuang Zhechong Pill to Huanzhong Buxu.When abdominal fullness can not be eaten,the urgent treatment is required.Take Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)to quickly re-lieve the fullness of the stomach and Gan Dihuang(Rehmannia Glutinosa)to slowly replenishes the spleen and stomach.The two are compatible to relieve the suffering of fullness and inability to eat.It can push through the old and bring forth the new,and Hua-nzhong Buxu.Gan Dihuang(Rehmannia Glutinosa)can nourish yin and blood besides spleen and stomach.It has special effect on the diet of deficiency of blood stasis and Yin.Besides Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)in the prescription,it is combined with many medicines to break blood and remove blood stasis.Besides Shaoyao(Paeonia lactiflora Pall)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhi-zae)to nourish the spleen and stomach,it also attacks the dry blood in the stomach to achieve the function of relaxing stomach fullness.Therefore,the concept of"Huanzhong Buxu"is actually"Kuanzhong Buxu".

关 键 词：“缓中补虚” 《金匮要略》 大黄[庶虫]虫丸 大黄 干地黄 “宽中补虚” 

分 类 号：R222.3[医药卫生—中医基础理论]