林业环境监测中无线传感网信号传播特性  

Signal propagation characteristics of wireless sensor networks in forestry environmental monitoring

作　　者：戴天虹[1] 赵永政[1] 张佳薇[1] 张晓东 袁铭润 DAI Tianhong;ZHAO Yongzheng;ZHANG Jiawei;ZHANG Xiaodong;YUAN Mingrun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期199-205,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31470714);黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(C201414).

摘　　要：基于无线信号衰减模型,分别研究了433 MHz和2.4 GHz频段的无线传感器网络信号在密林、疏林、林间小路和草坪4种不同环境下的信号接收强度与信号频率、环境因素以及通讯距离之间的关系.通过自制的GreenLab节点实地测量4种环境下的信号接收强度,使用对数距离衰减模型对试验数据进行拟合,得到4种环境下两频段信号的衰减指数为1.676~2.735.对模型进行回归分析,得出所有环境中信号接收强度值与距离之间的关系均符合对数距离衰减模型,拟合优度为0.904~0.956.通过对测量数据与模型之间的残差值和均方根值的分析,得出两种频段的无线传感器网络信号在不同环境中衰减的特点,可为林区无线传感器网络组网与部署提供参考.Based on wireless signal attenuation model, the relationships between signal reception intensity and signal frequency, environmental factors and communication distances in wireless sensor network signals at 433 MHz and 2.4 GHz bands were investigated under four conditions(jungle, sparse forest, forest path and lawn). The signal reception intensity values under four conditions were measured by a self-made GreenLab node. Then logarithmic distance attenuation model was used to fit the experimental data. The attenuation indexes of the two bands lied between 1.676 and 2.735 under four conditions. Regression analysis of the model showed that the relationships between signal reception intensity value and distance in all environments were consistent with the logarithmic distance attenuation model, with the goodness of fit ranging between 0.904 and 0.956. To summarize, by analysizing the residual value and the root-mean-square value between the measured data and the model, the characteristics of the wireless sensor network signals at two frequency bands can be obtained in different environments, which can provide references for the networking and deployment of wireless sensor network in the forest.

关 键 词：无线传感网 信号传播 数据拟合 接收信号强度 衰减模型 林业环境监测 

分 类 号：S778[农业科学—森林工程]