女性农民创业与精准扶贫  

Female Farmers'Entrepreneurship and Targeted Poverty Alleviation

作　　者：孙文浩 张益丰 王剑锋 Sun Wenhao;Zhang Yifeng;Wang Jianfeng(School of Economics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872;School of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037;School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]南京林业大学经济管理学院 [3]不详

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期49-64,共16页Journal of Jiangsu University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(18BJY142);中国人民大学中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金。

摘　　要：在当前精准扶贫目标牵引下,如何通过有效量化扶贫政策的实际效果形成针对性的扶贫纠偏措施,对我国稳步推进乡村振兴战略具有重大意义。基于倾向得分匹配和分位数回归模型的山东东营女性创业农民政策扶持效果的实证研究发现:第一,综合扶贫项目是女性创业农民收入增长的原因;第二,分类检验发现贴息贷款、土地流转、电商平台等扶持项目能显著提升女性农民创业收入,而职业培训、直接补贴以及供货渠道等扶持项目不利于女性创业农民增收;第三,综合扶贫项目在异质性女性农民创业增收维度上存在“扶强不扶弱”现象,扶贫目标与扶贫效果在一定程度上存在背离。政府应对综合扶贫项目进行“降维”处理并在结构上进行优化,瞄准综合扶贫项目的目标靶向。Under the guiding of the present targeted poverty alleviation,it is of great significance for revitalizing rural China to quantify the actual effects of poverty alleviation policies.This paper carried out an empirical analysis for female entrepreneurial farmers'policy effects by using the PSM method,Quantile regression,and Generalized Quantile regression.We found that first,the comprehensive poverty alleviation projects are the cause of income growth of female entrepreneurial farmers;second,the classification test results shows that sub-projects such as loan support,land transfer support,e-commerce platform support can significantly improve the income of female entrepreneurial farmers,while vocational training,direct financial and supply channel support are not beneficial to income growth;third,there is a phenomenon of“supporting the strong but not the weak”in the government's comprehensive poverty alleviation projects resulting in alleviation effect's deviation from goal.So the government should go into the farmers and optimize the structure of comprehensive poverty alleviation project,so as to focus on the target of comprehensive poverty alleviation projects.

关 键 词：综合扶贫项目 创业集聚网络 精准扶贫 女性创业农民 准实验研究 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]