Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation  

作　　者：Ya-Ping Ma Hui Zhang 马亚萍;张辉(China Research Center for Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Institute of Public Safety Research,Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]China Research Center for Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China [2]School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China [3]Institute of Public Safety Research,Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

出　　处：《Chinese Physics B》2020年第3期488-495,共8页中国物理B（英文版）

基　　金：Project supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2017YFC083300);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91646201,U1633203,and 51808422);the Independent Innovation Foundation of Wuhan University and Technology,China(Grant No.2019IVA011)。

摘　　要：Pedestrian evacuation is actually a process of behavioral evolution. Interaction behaviors between pedestrians affect not only the evolution of their cooperation strategy, but also their evacuation paths-scheduling and dynamics features. The existence of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is therefore critical for pedestrian evacuation. To address this issue, an extended cellular automaton(CA) evacuation model considering the effects of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is proposed here. The influence mechanism of the environment factor and interaction behaviors between neighbors on the decision-making of one pedestrian to path scheduling is focused. Average payoffs interacting with neighbors are used to represent the competitive ability of one pedestrian, aiming to solve the conflicts when more than one pedestrian competes for the same position based on a new method. Influences of interaction behaviors, the panic degree and the conflict cost on the evacuation dynamics and cooperation evolution of pedestrians are discussed. Simulation results of the room evacuation show that the interaction behaviors between pedestrians to a certain extent are beneficial to the evacuation efficiency and the formation of cooperation behaviors as well. The increase of conflict cost prolongs the evacuation time. Panic emotions of pedestrians are bad for cooperation behaviors of the crowd and have complex effects on evacuation time. A new self-organization effect is also presented.Pedestrian evacuation is actually a process of behavioral evolution. Interaction behaviors between pedestrians affect not only the evolution of their cooperation strategy, but also their evacuation paths-scheduling and dynamics features. The existence of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is therefore critical for pedestrian evacuation. To address this issue, an extended cellular automaton(CA) evacuation model considering the effects of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is proposed here. The influence mechanism of the environment factor and interaction behaviors between neighbors on the decision-making of one pedestrian to path scheduling is focused. Average payoffs interacting with neighbors are used to represent the competitive ability of one pedestrian, aiming to solve the conflicts when more than one pedestrian competes for the same position based on a new method. Influences of interaction behaviors, the panic degree and the conflict cost on the evacuation dynamics and cooperation evolution of pedestrians are discussed. Simulation results of the room evacuation show that the interaction behaviors between pedestrians to a certain extent are beneficial to the evacuation efficiency and the formation of cooperation behaviors as well. The increase of conflict cost prolongs the evacuation time. Panic emotions of pedestrians are bad for cooperation behaviors of the crowd and have complex effects on evacuation time. A new self-organization effect is also presented.

关 键 词：PEDESTRIAN EVACUATION EVACUATION TIME INTERACTION BEHAVIORS COOPERATION 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]