考虑齿轮耦合振动的换挡过程非线性动力学分析  

Nonlinear dynamics analyses of gear shifting with gear vibrations

作　　者：隋立起 田丰 李波[1] 曾远帆 田光宇[1] 陈红旭 SUI Liqi;TIAN Feng;LI Bo;ZENG Yuanfan;TIAN Guangyu;CHEN Hongxu(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Yibin Fengchuan Power Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yibin 644600,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]宜宾丰川动力科技有限公司,宜宾644600

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期109-116,共8页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51775291);四川省科技创新人才项目(2019JDRC0001)。

摘　　要：为分析电驱动机械变速器换挡过程接合套和接合齿圈的动态特性,该文建立了考虑齿轮耦合振动的换挡过程非线性动力学模型。该模型中,接合套和接合齿圈在接合过程中的接触冲击由非线性接触力学模型描述,含间隙的传动齿轮非线性振动由齿轮动力学集中质量法建模描述。这2种非线性运动过程最后由统一的动力学方程耦合。考虑到接合套和接合齿圈不同的接合状态,总结了5种状态,并分别列出其耦合动力学方程,进而通过Runge-Kutta法对系统动态特性进行了仿真计算。所得的仿真结果与实验结果相吻合,证明了该模型的正确性。在此基础上,分析接合套和接合齿圈的接触冲击力,结果表明:即使仅存在微小的转速差和转角差,瞬时冲击力也高达23 800 N。该仿真结果对于接合套和接合齿圈的优化设计及提升换挡品质具有重要意义。The dynamic characteristics of a sleeve and a gear ring during shifting of an electric drive mechanical transmission were studied using a nonlinear dynamic model that included the coupled vibrations of the drive gears. The model used a nonlinear contact model to describe the impact of the sleeve and the gear ring during engaging with nonlinear vibrations of the drive gears with clearances described using the concentrating mass method of gear dynamics. The two nonlinear processes were coupled by the dynamics equations. The various engaging conditions of the sleeve and the gear ring were summarized into five states with their coupled dynamics equations. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the system were simulated using the Runge-Kutta method. The results are consistent with experimental data. Analyses of the impact force between the sleeve and the gear ring shows that with even only a slight difference between the relative rotational speed and the contact angle, the impact force can reach 23 800 N. The results are of great significance for optimizing sleeves and gear rings for improving gear shifting quality.

关 键 词：电动汽车 电驱动机械变速器 接触冲击 齿轮动力学 非线性动力学 

分 类 号：TH132.46[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]