酸碱对大豆油脂中反式脂肪酸的影响  

Effects of Acid and Alkali on Trans Fatty Acids in Soybean Oil

作　　者：于殿宇[1] 唐洪琳 周琪 刘竞阳 徐博 王利 罗淑年 秦兰霞 王立琦[2] Yu Dianyu;Tang Honglin;Zhou Qi;Liu Jingyang;Xu Bo;Wang Li;Luo Shunian;Qin Lanxia;Wang Liqi(Northeast Agricultural University,College of Food Science,Harbin 150030;Harbin University of Commerce,College of Computer and Information Engineering,Harbin 150028;Heilongjiang Wondersun Dairy Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150020;Harbin Huikang Food Co.,Ltd.,Jiusan Group,Harbin 150010)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学食品学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]哈尔滨商业大学计算机与信息工程学院,哈尔滨150028 [3]黑龙江省完达山乳业股份有限公司,哈尔滨150020 [4]九三集团哈尔滨惠康食品有限公司,哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2020年第3期74-80,共7页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高校科技成果研发项目(TSTAU-R2018010);国家“十三五”攻关课题项目(2018YFD0401101)。

摘　　要：以常规加热为对照组,通过气相色谱法分析H3PO4处理或NaOH处理对非共轭亚油酸(C18∶2)的热诱导顺/反异构化的分子机制。由加热试验可知,C18∶2-9c,12t和C18∶2-9t,12c为加热大豆油脂中的主要反式异构体。随着加热温度逐渐升高、加热时间的逐渐增强,反式亚油酸含量随之增加。3种油样加热后产生反式脂肪酸的量的排序为:NaOH处理后油样>H3PO4处理后油样>未处理油样。在加热过程中,生成单反式亚油酸的量高于生成双反式亚油酸的量。在温度260℃加热8 h时,经NaOH处理的加热油脂产生的单反式亚油酸(C18∶2-9c,12t)最多,达1.222%。通过Gauss软件对油脂中的双键进行分析,可知常规加热形成C18∶2-9t,12t需要跨越能量分别为235.986,223.846 kJ/mol两个能垒,而当油脂进行H3PO4处理或NaOH处理后产生的反式亚油酸的能垒降低,表明H3PO4处理或NaOH处理均会增加加热油脂反式异构体的几率,其中NaOH处理的影响最大。The molecular mechanism of the heat-induced cis/trans isomerization of non-conjugated linoleic acid(C18∶2)by alkali treatment and acid treatment was analyzed by gas chromatography with conventional heating as the control group.From the heating test,C18∶2-9c,12t and C18∶2-9t,12c are the main trans isomers in the heating of soybean oil.With the heating temperature gradually increased,the heating time gradually increased,the trans-linoleic acid content also increased,three kinds of oil samples after heating to produce trans fatty acids in the order:alkali treatment oil sample>acid treatment oil sample>Untreated oil sample.In the process of heating,the amount of monovalent linoleic acid produced is higher than the amount of bis-trans linoleic acid produced.When heated at 260℃for 8 h,the amount of mono-functional linoleic acid(C18∶2-9c,12t)produced by heating oil after NaOH treatment,Up to 1.222%.It is found that C18∶2-9t and 12t are required to pass two energy barriers of 235.986 kJ/mol and 223.846 kJ/mol,respectively.The results showed that strong acid treatment or alkali treatment increased the chance of heating the trans isomers of oil,and the effect of strong alkali treatment was the strongest.

关 键 词：强酸 强碱 大豆油:反式脂肪酸 能量 

分 类 号：TS225.13[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]