“来”的系谱学——谈汉语隐性轻动词结构的言内之意  

The genealogy of lai:On the intrinsic meaning of implicit light verbs in Chinese

作　　者：蔡维天[1] Tsai Wei-Tien Dylan

机构地区：[1]台湾清华大学语言学研究所

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2020年第2期41-50,共10页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：台湾国科会计划“模态词与模态性的跨语言研究”(NSC98-2411-H-007-051-MY3)的资助。

摘　　要：本文从生成语法的角度切入,主张汉语动词"来"的二元用法只是表象,其施事、存有及使事等结构均由动词提升所形成。推而广之,"来"其实只有非宾格动词的一元用法,其余的都配合上位的隐性外轻动词如DO、EXIST、CAUSE衍生而来,也因此才有了所谓的"言内之意"。文中也深入探讨了轻动词作为隐性范畴所衍生的种种议题(如证伪性、多样性及能产性等等),希望能为这条思路开创一个新的格局,并打通语言内延(intensional)和外延(extensional)这两个向度的任督二脉。Under the generative approach,this paper proposes that many instances of apparent transitive usages of lai‘come’are all but illusions,and can be explained in terms of verb raising to an implicit outer light verb.More specifically,the"hidden meaning"of these construals come from silent categories such as DO,EXIST,and CAUSE,which attract the main verb due to prosodic considerations,triggering word order changes.We also look into issues concerning the falsifiability,diversity,and productivity of our analysis,while aiming to find a way to bridge the gap between the intensional and extensional aspects of human language.

关 键 词：“来” 隐性轻动词 汉语语法 动词移位 轻动词句法 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]