角蛋白生物材料在创伤愈合中的应用研究进展  

Advances on Application of Keratin Biomaterials in Wound Healing

作　　者：孙晓霞 鲍艺 彭黔荣[2,3] 陈亭羽 卢小鸾 杨敏 SUN Xiaoxia;BAO Yi;PENG Qianrong;CHEN Tingyu;LU Xiaoluan;YANG Min(School of Medicine,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Technology Center of China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550009,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学药学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,贵阳550009

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第7期161-167,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21562014)。

摘　　要：伤口愈合是一种复杂、动态和多步骤的过程,其愈合速率受创伤类型、病理学条件、敷料类型等因素影响。理想的创伤敷料应具备加速伤口愈合、防止感染、恢复皮肤结构和性能以及良好的生物相容性和降解性等特点。因此伤口辅料的研究热点是天然源的生物材料及其衍生材料,如壳聚糖、明胶、胶原蛋白、丝素蛋白、角蛋白等。角蛋白是一种具有良好生物相容性、可降解性且原材料易得的蛋白质,其含有的肽链主体是具有细胞粘附位点的氨基酸链段,如亮氨酸-天冬氨酸-缬氨酸(LDV)、谷氨酸-天冬氨酸-丝氨酸(EDS)和精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(RGD),可模拟细胞外基质,促进成纤维细胞的粘附、增殖、转移等,此外,角蛋白还具有快速凝血和聚集红细胞的作用。然而,角蛋白存在脆性以及力学性能和加工性能差的缺点,通常添加合成或天然的高分子材料作为增塑剂、交联剂形成复合材料(如聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸、壳聚糖、明胶等)以改善这些缺陷。这些复合材料已应用于促进伤口的愈合。本文综述了角蛋白及其复合水凝胶、海绵状多孔支架和膜材料的制备以及在伤口愈合方面的研究成果,特别是将皮肤转化生长因子、抗菌药(如莫匹罗星)、抑菌生物材料(如天然植物中的酚酸)以及抗菌金属纳米物(如纳米银和氧化锌)等加载到角蛋白复合材料中,可得到为伤口愈合创造理想环境的多功能角蛋白伤口敷料,用于急性或慢性伤口的愈合,如在糖尿病足部溃疡等伤口愈合中,可增强抑菌效果和缩短伤口的炎症时间等。同时也讨论了角蛋白作为生物材料在医药领域的发展前景。Wound healing is a complex,dynamic,and multistep process which can be affected in different conditions such as the type of wound,pathological conditions,and type of dressing.The ideal wound dressing is characterized by accelerated wound healing,preventing infection,restoration of skin structure and function,fascinating biomaterial and biodegradability and so on.Therefore,the research of wound dressing focus on the development of naturally-derived biomaterials,such as chitosan,gelatin,collagen,silk fibroin,keratin,etc.Keratin is one of proteins with good biocompatibility and degradability.What’s more,keratin contains cell binding motifs such as leucine-aspartic acid-valine(LDV),glutamic acid-aspartic acid-serine(EDS),and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid(RGD),which imitates the environment of the extracellular matrix to accelerate the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts.Furthermore,keratins actively participate in coagulation and aggregation of red blood cells.However,keratin has the disadvantages of brittleness,mechanical properties and poor processing properties.Usually,synthetic or natural polymer materials are added as plasticizers and cross-linking agents to form composite materials to improve these defects,such as polyvinyl alcohol,polylactic acid,chitosan and gelatin.These composite materials have been used to promote healing of wounds.This review offers a retrospection of the preparation of keratin and its composite hydrogels,scaffolds and membrane materials,and its research on wound healing.Especially skin transforming growth factors,antibacterials(mupirocin),bacteriostatic biomaterials(phenolic acid in natural plants)and antibacterial metal nano-materials(nano-silver,zinc oxide)are loaded into the keratin composite to obtain a multifunctional keratin wound dressing.It is used for acute and/or chronic wounds,such as diabetic foot ulcer,showing a unique advantage due to enhance the antibacterial effect and shortening the inflammation time of the wound.In addition,the prospect of keratin as a biomateri

关 键 词：角蛋白 水凝胶 海绵状多孔支架 膜纤维 伤口敷料 

分 类 号：R914[医药卫生—药物化学]