杀菌剂对芒果细菌性角斑病菌的室内毒力及田间防效  

Assessment of Fungicides for in vitro and in vivo Activity Against Xanthomanas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae

作　　者：占礼钢 叶火春[2] 张静[2,3] 闫超 李晓宇[1] 冯岗[2,3] ZHAN Ligang;YE Huochun;ZHANG Jing;YAN Chao;LI Xiaoyu;FENG Gang(School of Life and Pharmaceutical Science,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Key Laboratory of Pests Comprehensive Governance for Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生命科学与药学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571000 [3]农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南海口570100

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第3期538-543,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFD0202100);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31872001);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费(No.1630042019011)。

摘　　要：细菌性角斑病是芒果生产上的重要病害,为筛选有效的防治药剂,采用浑浊度法对22种杀菌剂进行室内抑菌活性初筛,对抑菌活性较好的药剂采用平板菌落计数法进行室内毒力及田间药效试验。室内抑菌活性表明,四霉素、辛菌胺醋酸盐、溴菌腈、乙蒜素和噻霉酮抑菌作用最强,2 mg/L处理浓度下抑菌率均达90%以上,其次为丙硫唑和中生菌素,10 mg/L处理下抑菌率在75%以上;溴菌腈、噻霉酮、丙硫唑、春雷霉素和噻森铜的EC50值分别为0.048、0.103、0.900、21.970、189.347mg/L。田间试验显示,施药后30d,20%噻唑锌SC750倍防效最高,可达75%以上;其次为3%噻霉酮ME1000倍、20%丙硫唑SC1000倍和25%溴菌腈EC1000倍,防效均在70%以上;46%氢氧化铜WG保护作用最高,防治后病叶率最低。据此,氢氧化铜、噻唑锌、噻霉酮、丙硫唑和溴菌腈可作为防治芒果细菌性角斑病的供选药剂。Mango bacterial black spot(MBBS) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. manganiferaeindicae(Xcm) is a risk plant disease in mango orchards. In order to screen an effective fungicide for controlling MBBS, the bacteriostatic activity of 22 fungicides against MBBS were assessed by th turbidimeter test in the laboratory, and the toxicity of the fungicides with good antibacterial activity was tested by the method of plate culture count and the control efficacy were carried out in the field. Laboratory bioassay results showed that the inhibitory effect of tetramycin, octylamine acetate, bromothalonil and benziothiazolinone was strong, with an inhibitory rate 90% treated with 2 mg/L, followed by pothioconazole and zhongsengmycin with an inhibitory rates up to 75% at 10 mg/L. Except for oxine-copper, the bacteriostatic activity of copper fungicides was relatively low. The toxicity of bromothalonil, benziothiazolinone, pothioconazole, kasugamycin and saisentong to Xcm was calculated, with EC50 of 0.048, 0.103, 0.900, 21.970 and 189.347 mg/L, respectively. At 30 days after treatment, the result of the field trial indicated that 20% zinc-thiazole SC 750 times solution(TS) had the highest control efficacy on the disease and its control effect reached 75%, followed by 3% benziothiazolinone ME, 20% pothioconazole SC and 25% bromothalonil EC reached above 70% control efficacy at 1000 TS. Beyond that, 46% copper hydroxide WG showed a better protective effect than other fungicides with lowest diseased leaf rate after treatment. Accordingly, copper hydroxide, zinc-thiazole, benziothiazolinone, pothioconazole and bromothalonil could be used as the chemicals for controlling mango bacterial black spot.

关 键 词：芒果细菌性角斑病 杀菌剂 抑菌活性 田间防效 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.2[农业科学—植物保护]