陕南土地利用景观格局变化及优化研究  

Study on landscape pattern changes and optimization of land use in southern shaanxi province

作　　者：杨青林 邵怀勇[2] 邢海虹[3] 张静[3] 丁鹏凯 易霞 YANG Qinglin;SHAO Huaiyong;XING Haihong;ZHANG Jing;DING Pengkai;YI Xia(Bazhong Senior High School,Bazhong 636000,China;School of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;School of History and Tourism,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省巴中市高级中学,巴中636000 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [3]陕西理工大学历史文化与旅游学院,汉中723000

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2020年第1期138-148,共11页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41401659,41302282)。

摘　　要：陕南是南水北调中线水源地,其景观格局变化对我国华北地区水资源的调动有重大的影响,对于该区域景观类型面积变化和合理的景观格局优化,是确保南水北调中线工程水质安全、区域经济发展的关键。在RS/GIS技术支持下,利用多时相遥感影像解译获取景观类型,选取斑块类型水平和景观水平的景观指数研究景观格局变化,根据生态系统服务价值运用最小耗费距离模型构建累计耗费距离表面,运用水文分析和邻域分析提取生态廊道和生态节点。结果表明:林地是陕南的优势景观;在研究期间,林地、水域、建设用地和其他用地持续增加,林地优势度越来越大,耕地面积减少,草地面积变化不大;景观的团聚程度、连接性、多样性和优势度在增加,破碎化程度在降低。根据最小耗费距离模型,在陕南建立生态节点和生态廊道,并与生态源地联系起来,形成有机的景观生态网络。Southern Shaanxi province is the water source of the middle line of the South-to-north water transfer project.The change of landscape pattern has a significant impact on the mobilization of water resources in north China.The key to the water quality safety and regional economic development is to master the change of landscape type area and reasonable landscape pattern optimization for the middle route of south to north water transfer project.With the support of RS and GIS technology,multi-temporal remote sensing images were used for interpretation to obtain landscape type.The index of path and landscape in horizontal scale was used to study landscape pattern change.Based on ecological function service value using the minimum cumulative resistance surface,hydrological analysis and neighborhood analysis extracted to ecological corridors and ecological nodes.The results show that the forest land is the dominant landscape in southern Shaanxi province.During the study period,the forest land,waters,construction land and other land use continued to increase,the dominance of the forest land became larger,the area of cultivated land decreased and the grassland changed little.The degree of agglomeration,connectivity,diversity and dominance are increasing and fragmentation is decreasing for the landscape.According to the minimum cumulative resistance,ecological corridors and eco-nodes were established in the study area,linking the ecological source areas and forming an organic landscape ecological network.

关 键 词：土地利用 景观格局优化 最小耗费距离模型 陕南 

分 类 号：TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]