发达国家食糖贸易保护措施及其启示  

Enlightenment of the Protection Measures of Sugar Trade in Developed Countries

作　　者：董舒蕾 张永成[1] 张木清[1] Dong Shulei;Zhang Yongcheng;Zhang Muqing(Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane Industry,Nanning 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学蔗糖产业省部共建协同创新中心,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《中国糖料》2020年第2期65-69,共5页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系“甘蔗抗病品种选育岗位”(CARS-170109)资助。

摘　　要：中国是世界上食糖生产和消费大国。近几年来,我国食糖消费量增长较快,但国内的食糖还是供给不足,缺口较大,自给率低于80%,需要从国外进口部分食糖。由于国内外食糖价差较大,且部分发达国家实行了强有力的食糖贸易政策,在价差牟利和政策影响的双重因素下,导致了我国食糖的过量进口或走私,对国内食糖产业造成了强烈冲击。本文将探讨如何在经济全球化时代,借鉴发达国家的食糖贸易保护政策:控制食糖进口量、利用技术性贸易壁垒、协调农工关系、制定食糖目标价格体系,提出我国食糖保护措施:延长保障关税时间、维护全球自由贸易与本国利益兼顾、创新符合WTO的国内食糖保护政策、实行中国特色的一体化糖业管理体制。China is one of the biggest countries for producer and consumer of sugar in the world. In recent years,the consumption of sugar in China has increased rapidly, but the domestic sugar production is still insufficient, the gap is larger, and the self-sufficiency rate is less than 80%, so it is necessary to import sugar abroad. However, due to a large price gap home and abroad, and some developed countries have implemented a strong sugar trade policy,the double factors of price difference profit and policy influence have led to the excessive import or smuggler of sugar in China, which has caused a strong impact on the domestic sugar industry. The sugar trade protection policies of developed countries such as controlling the import of sugar, using the technical barriers to trade, coordinating the relationship between the farmers and workers, developing the price system of the sugar target, will be benefit to protect China’s sugar industry in the era of economic globalization. The suggestion that the protection measures of the sugar in our country are as follows: to extend the time for guaranteeing the tariff, to maintain the balance between the global free trade and the national interests, to innovate the domestic sugar protection policy in accordance with the WTO, and to implement an integrated sugar industry management system with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：食糖 贸易 WTO 发达国家 保护政策 

分 类 号：TS24[轻工技术与工程—制糖工程]