北方城市住区水景设计对微气候影响实测研究——以哈尔滨市五分钟生活圈高层居住区为例  

Study on the Effect of Water Feature Design on Microclimate in Northern Urban Residential Areas:Taking the High-Rise Residential Area of Five Minute Life Circle in Harbin as an Example

作　　者：韩羽佳 李文[1] 王敬仪 HAN Yujia;LI Wen;WANG Jingyi(College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040,China;School of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学经济管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态经济》2020年第4期224-229,共6页Ecological Economy

摘　　要：通过实测哈尔滨市五分钟生活圈高层居住区中9处典型水景周边100处测点的微气候,对温度、相对湿度和风速三类微气候因子实测数据进行线性回归分析。研究表明:住区水景对相对湿度和风速影响权重小,不予考虑;住区水景对温度影响权重大,影响程度从大到小为:面积、建筑朝向、方位、驳岸形式和布局;水景设计对温度的影响有:(1)面积是影响温度的首要因素;(2)于主导风向上风向且周边为南北向建筑的公共空间布置水景可降低温度;(3)自然式驳岸能更好地降低温度;(4)分散式布局能更好地降低温度;(5)挺水植物和水池喷泉可不同程度降低亲水空间温度。在生态城市发展的前提下,综合考虑影响微气候的水景表现形式是设计的关键。Based on the measured microclimate of 100 points around 9 typical Waterscape in high-rise residential areas of five minute living circle in Harbin,the linear regression analysis is made on the measured data of temperature,relative humidity and wind speed.The results show that:the influence weight of residential waterscape on relative humidity and wind speed is small,not considered;the influence weight of residential waterscape on temperature is significant,and the influence degree is from large to small:area,building orientation,orientation,revetment form and layout;the influence of waterscape design on temperature is as follows:(1)area is the primary factor affecting temperature;(2)the temperature can be reduced by arranging Waterscape in the public space with the dominant wind direction and the surrounding buildings in the north-south direction;(3)the natural revetment can reduce the temperature better;(4)the distributed layout can reduce the temperature better;(5)water plants and water fountains can reduce the temperature of hydrophilic space in varying degree.On the premise of the development of eco city,the key to design is to comprehensively consider the water feature forms that affect microclimate.

关 键 词：城市住区 风景园林 水景设计 微气候 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]