执行意向影响事件性前瞻记忆的加工机制  

The Underlying Mechanism of Implementation Intention on Event-Based Prospective Memory

作　　者：干加裙 张曼曼 胡锦慧 郭云飞 陈幼贞 GAN Jiaqun;ZHANG Manman;HU Jinhui;GUO Yunfei;CHEN Youzhen(School of Psychology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108;Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学心理学院,福州350108 [2]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2020年第1期53-59,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划国家一般项目(BBA180082)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究不同执行意向编码形式对前瞻记忆加工机制的影响是否存在差异。结果显示在低认知负荷下,混合编码效果最好,仅执行意向编码次之,标准编码效果最差,而在高认知负荷下三种编码效果无差异。眼动指标显示在低认知负荷下混合编码的注视点数量最多,总注视时间最长;在混合编码条件下进行中任务和前瞻记忆任务的总注视时间均长于仅执行意向编码和标准编码。结果说明,执行意向编码容易受认知负荷的影响;在低认知负荷下混合编码的被试对任务刺激进行更多的监控和加工,而仅执行意向编码促进前瞻记忆任务的自动化加工。The present study adopted eye tracking technique to explore how the processing mechanism of event-based prospective memory varies under different encoding strategies by using a dual task paradigm which combining ongoing task and prospective memory task.In ongoing task,which was a visual search task,a target cue was presented firstly and then was followed by a letter string;participants were required to judge whether or not the letter string contains the previously presented target cue.In the prospective memory task,participants were asked to press a certain key upon the presentation of a specific target letter.The results showed that the effect of different encoding strategies on the prospective memory was moderated by the cognitive load.Under low cognitive load,the prospective memory performance was significantly improved in the condition of mixed encoding compared to the other ways of encoding;while implementation intention encoding was better than the standard condition.However,no significant difference was found under high cognitive load.Meanwhile,the number of fixation count and the total fixation time under the mixed encoding condition were the largest under low cognitive load.These results suggest that mixed encoding may facilitate the monitoring and searching of prospective memory under low cognitive load,while implementation intention encoding facilitates the automatic processing.

关 键 词：前瞻记忆 执行意向 想象 认知负荷 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]