广西不同地区克氏原螯虾群体遗传多样性微卫星分析  

Genetic diversity microsatellite analysis of Procambarus clarkii populations in different regions of Guangxi

作　　者：黄小芳 唐章生[1] 刘俊丹 张宏燕 钟一治 卢智发 侯树鉴 王大鹏 陆专灵 HUANG Xiao-fang;TANG Zhang-sheng;LIU Jun-dan;ZHANG Hong-yan;ZHONG Yi-zhi;LU Zhi-fa;HOU Shu-jian;WANG Da-peng;LU Zhuan-ling(Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Nanning 530021,China;College of Animal Science and Technology/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Nanning Yanleshang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西水产科学研究院/广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁530021 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院/亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]广西南宁研乐上生物技术有限公司,南宁530004

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第2期437-444,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204094-6,桂科AA17204095-4);广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室自主研究项目(18-A-04-07)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解当前广西克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)群体的遗传背景,为其人工养殖及种质资源保护提供参考依据。【方法】选取广西5个地区(南宁、大塘、融水、柳州和来宾)的克氏原螯虾群体作为研究对象,利用8对微卫星引物对各克氏原螯虾群体基因组DNA进行PCR检测,然后通过PopGene32和NTSYSpc 2.1等在线软件分析广西克氏原螯虾群体的遗传多样性。【结果】南宁(NN)、大塘(DT)、融水(RS)、柳州(LZ)和来宾(LB)5个克氏原螯虾群体的平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为2.5142~3.0574,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.5708~0.6489,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.4899~0.5843,存在中度至高度的遗传多样性,其中南宁群体和大塘群体的遗传多样性略低于融水群体、柳州群体和来宾群体。5个克氏原螯虾群体的平衡偏离指数(D)均为负值,且发生一定程度的Hardy-Weinberg平衡偏离,杂合子缺失现象普遍存在。5个克氏原螯虾群体间的基因流(Nm)为2.3898~6.0284,遗传分化指数(Fst)为0.0398~0.0947,表明各群体间存在广泛的基因交流,仅存在低度至中度的遗传分化;各克氏原螯虾群体间的遗传相似系数和遗传距离分别为0.6861~0.8583和0.1528~0.3768,其中,遗传距离趋势与Fst趋势一致,而遗传相似系数与Nm趋势一致,均表明柳州群体与来宾群体具有高度的相似性,遗传距离较近。UPGMA聚类分析结果也显示,南宁群体和大塘群体聚类为一支,而柳州群体先与来宾群体聚类再与融水群体聚类成另一支。【结论】广西不同地区克氏原螯虾群体具有一定的遗传多样性,但其杂合子缺失现象普遍存在,应通过适当引种及加强不同地区群体间的遗传交流,保护好克氏原螯虾的优良种质资源。【Objective】To understand the genetic background of Procambarus clarkii populations in Guangxi,and provide reference for its artificial culture and germplasm conservation.【Method】The P. clarkii populations in five regions(Nanning,Datang,Rongshui,Liuzhou and Laibin)of Guangxi were selected as research objects,and the genomic DNA of five populations was detected by PCR using eight pairs of microsatellite primers,then the genetic diversity of P. clarkii populations in Guangxi was analyzed using PopGene32 and NTSYSpc 2.1.【Result】The results showed that the average effective number of alleles(Ne)in Nanning(NN),Datang(DT),Rongshui(RS),Liuzhou(LZ)and Laibin(LB)was 2.5142-3.0574,and the average expected heterozygosity(He)was 0.5708-0.6489,the average polymorphic information content(PIC)was 0.4899-0.5843,representing a moderate to high genetic diversity. Among them,the genetic diversity of NN and DT populations were slightly lower than those of RS,LZ and LB populations. The equilibrium indexes(D)of five populations were negative,indicating a certain degree of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium deviation occurred,and heterozygous deletion was ubiquitous. The gene flow(Nm)among different P. clarkii populations was 2.3898-6.0284,and the genetic differentiation index(Fst)was 0.0398-0.0947,demonstrating that there were extensive gene exchanges and only low or moderate differentiation between different populations. The genetic similarity coefficient and genetic distance between different populations were 0.6861-0.8583 and 0.1528-0.3768,respectively,among them,the trend of genetic distance was consistent with Fst,and the trend of genetic similarity coefficient was consistent with Nm,demonstrating that LZ and LB populations had high similarity and short genetic distance. UPGMA cluster analysis displayed that NN and DT populations belonged to the same branch;LZ and LB populations were grouped into one category and then merged with RS population into the other branch.【Conclusion】The P. clarkii populations in different region

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 遗传多样性 微卫星位点 杂合子缺失 广西 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]