论现代社会道德责任之基础——基于现代技术挑战的伦理思考  

The Foundation of Moral Responsibility in Contemporary Society——Ethical Thinking Based on the Challenges of Modern Technology

作　　者：田广兰[1] 李兰芬[1] TIAN Guanglan;LI Lanfen

机构地区：[1]苏州大学哲学系,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期36-43,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“技术时代的道德责任问题研究”(17BZX107);苏州大学思想政治工作理论研究重点项目“提升当代大学生社会责任感的方法与路径研究”(38304058)。

摘　　要：权利诉求的强化和道德责任的弱化是现代社会的两大特征。由于责任主体的“不知道”“不能够”和“不愿意”造成了“责任感不充分”的现代性生存困境。然而要求人们承诺并践行道德责任须辨明其来源和基础,从理论上确证其必要性和正当性。具体而言,现代社会的道德责任主要源自三个方面:第一,哲学基础,“人类中心主义”的实践催生了人类关护自然的生态责任。第二,技术基础,现代技术对人、自然和未来的可能风险对人提出了宏大、复杂的远距离责任。第三,政治基础,现代公民身份要求个体是负责任的公民,政府是负责任的政府。交织共生的三个方面构成了现代社会道德责任的基础。The enhancement of rights and the weakness of ethical responsibility are two characteristics of contemporary society.The insufficiency of responsibility sense which was caused by“unknown”,“unable”and“unwilling”has been a modern living predicament.However,the sources and foundations are necessary for people’s commitment and practice of ethical responsibility,and confirmation of its necessity and legitimacy is demanded as well.Specifically,the moral responsibility of modern society mainly comes from the following aspects.Firstly,philosophical foundation:the practice of anthropocentrism endows human responsibility to protect nature.Secondly,technical foundation:the possible risks of human,nature and future developed by modern technology put forward tremendous and complicated remote responsibilities.Thirdly,political foundation:modern citizenship requires individual as a responsible citizen,government as a responsible government.The three interrelated aspects constitute the foundations of modern moral responsibilities.

关 键 词：道德责任 人类中心主义 技术风险 公民身份 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学] D648[政治法律—政治学]