临床共情:一张改善医患关系的特效处方  

Clinical Empathy--A“Wonder Drug”for Improvement of DoctorPatient Relationship

作　　者：曲辉[1] 马翀奕 呂勃 刘振洪[4] 邱晓慧[5] 崔红 康凯[2] QU Hui;MA Chongyi;LYU Bo;LIU Zhenhong;QIU Xiaohui;CUI Hong;KANG Kai(Department of Pediatrics,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086,China;Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China;Department of Cardiology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086,China;Academy of Continuing Education,Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086,China;Department of Medical Psychology,Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086,China;Department of Political Education,The 19th Middle School of Harbin,Harbin Heilongjiang 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院儿内科,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心外科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院心内科,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [4]哈尔滨医科大学继续教育学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [5]哈尔滨医科大学医学心理学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [6]哈尔滨市第19中学政教处,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2020年第9期73-75,共3页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：黑龙江省高教学会规划课题(16G087);哈尔滨医科大学2019年度医学教育科学研究课题(XY201922);哈尔滨医科大学“于维汉”杰出青年基金(第三批-2014);哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院教学规划课题(HJG0008)。

摘　　要：当前,由于医患沟通不畅导致的医患互信缺失已严重干扰了我国的正常就医环境,异化了医患关系,进而影响了全社会的和谐与稳定。而"临床共情"则被证实可有效提升患者的诊疗舒适度,改善医生的诊疗效率并提高其执业成就感与满足感。对医学生进行"临床共情"培训被认为可以有效提高他们的医患沟通能力,改善医患双方的就医体验,进而被视为改善当今医患关系的重要途径之一。本文从当前医患关系紧张的这一现实入手,系统的阐释了"共情"的概念,临床意义,国内外发展现状,并结合我国的实际情况,拟对当前医学生的"共情"能力培训方式作出初步探索。At present,the lack of trust between doctors and patients caused by poor communication has seriously disturbed the normal medical environment in China,alienated the relationship between doctors and patients,and affected the harmony and stability of the whole society.However,"clinical empathy"has been proved to be an effective way to improve the comfort level of patients,the efficiency of doctors’diagnosis and treatment,and their sense of accomplishment and satisfaction in practice."clinical empathy"training for medical students is considered to effectively improve their doctor-patient communication skills,improve the doctor-patient experience,and thus be regarded as one of the important ways to improve the doctor-patient relationship today.Starting from the reality of the current tension between doctors and patients,the author systematically explains the concept,clinical significance and development status at home and abroad of"empathy",and plans to make a preliminary exploration of the training mode of"empathy"ability of medical students in combination with the actual situation in China.

关 键 词：共情 临床共情 医患沟通 医学生 培训体系 人文精神 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]