4种农药复合污染对斑马鱼仔鱼联合毒性效应  

Joint Acute Toxicities of Four Pesticides to Embryo-Larval Zebrafish,Danio rerio

作　　者：郭东梅 李耘[2] 邱静[2] 许彦阳[2] 杨桂玲[1] 王强[1] 钱永忠[2] Guo Dongm ei;Li Yun;Qiu Jing;Xu Yanyang;Yang Guiling;Wang Qiang;Qian Yongzhong(Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量标准研究所,杭州310021 [2]中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2019年第6期241-247,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：食品安全关键技术研发专项(2018YFC1603004);国家自然科学基金项目(31701519);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1600705)。

摘　　要：为探明农药混合污染对斑马鱼的联合毒性效应,以斑马鱼仔鱼为研究对象,开展了氯氰菊酯、咪鲜胺、马拉硫磷和杀螟硫磷等4种农药的联合毒性效应研究。研究表明,氯氰菊酯、马拉硫磷,杀螟硫磷和咪鲜胺对斑马鱼仔鱼的96 h-LC50值分别为0.12、17.88、12.39和1.45 mg·L-1。根据96 h-LC50值采用等毒比(1∶1)进行二元及多元联合毒性试验。二元农药混合污染(氯氰菊酯+马拉硫磷、氯氰菊酯+杀螟硫磷、氯氰菊酯+咪鲜胺和杀螟硫磷+咪鲜胺)对斑马鱼仔鱼联合作用表现协同作用。马拉硫磷+杀螟硫磷对斑马鱼仔鱼联合毒性在24 h时表现为协同作用,在其他不同时间均表现为相加作用。马拉硫磷+咪鲜胺二元农药对斑马鱼仔鱼联合毒性表现为拮抗作用。氯氰菊酯、咪鲜胺、马拉硫磷和杀螟硫磷4种农药的所有三元和四元混合污染对仔鱼联合毒性作用均表现为协同作用。研究表明,在真实的环境中,农药以混合物形式存在可能增加其对水生生物的毒性效应,给生态环境造成严重影响。In order to explore the combined toxicity of mixed pesticides on zebrafish, we investigated acute joint toxicities of cypermethrin, malathion, fenitrothion and prochloraz to zebrafish larvae. The results showed that the 96 h-LC50 values of cypermethrin, malathion, fenitrothion and prochloraz for zebrafish larvae were 0.12, 17.88, 12.39 and 1.45 mg·L-1, respectively. On the basis of single toxicity test, the combined acute toxicities of binary and multivariate pesticides were tested according to 96 h-LC50 values(toxicity rate = 1∶ 1). The combined effects of binary pesticides(cypermethrin+malathion, cypermethrin +fenitrothion, cypermethrin +malathion, fenitrothion +prochloraz)on zebrafish larvae showed a synergistic effect. The combined toxicity of malathion+fenitrothion on zebrafish larvae showed a synergistic effect at 24 h and an additive effect at other time. The combined toxicity of malathion and prochloraz was antagonism to zebrafish larvae. All of the ternary and quaternary pesticide mixtures showed synergistic effects on zebrafish larvae.

关 键 词：农药 斑马鱼仔鱼 急性毒性 联合毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]