中国社会转型期间城乡7岁儿童体质下滑迹象初探  

Study on the Decline in Physical Fitness among 7-Year-Old Children in Urban and Rural China During Social Transformation

作　　者：奥登 娜仁 甘少庄 AO Deng;NA Ren;GAN Shaozhuang;ZHAO Yunfang

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学师范学院,100011

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2020年第2期94-101,共8页Journal of China Women＇s University

摘　　要：基于7次全国学生体质与健康调研数据,分析了1985年—2014年间中国7岁城乡儿童身体形态和身体素质状况的变化趋势。结果显示,29年间7岁城乡儿童的身高和体重均呈上升趋势。城市儿童比乡村儿童高且重,城乡之间的差异逐渐缩小。在大多数身体素质测试结果中,城乡差距都有所缩小,但城乡儿童的身体素质水平指标均呈现总体下降的趋势,特别是8×50米跑和斜身引体测试。幼儿园教育的“小学化”教育倾向、幼儿家长健康意识的不足以及体育锻炼场所和设施的缺乏等,使儿童体质下滑仍在持续。社会各界亟须采取有针对性的行动,共同努力抑制学龄前儿童体质持续下滑。The article made an analysis of the development trend of body dimensions and physical fitness of children aged seven in China from 1985 to 2014 on the basis of the findings of the seventh national surveys of the health of domestic children in urban and rural areas.The result showed that the height and weight of all surveyed children substantially increased in the span of 32 years.Although urban children performed better than their rural peers in both personal height and weight,yet the gap between them became gradually narrowed during the period.A majority of polled criteria of physical health of children in urban and rural regions revealed that the disparity narrowed down but there was an overall decline,especially the 8×50-meter running and body pull-up.Moreover,the phenomenon of teaching primary school-level knowledge in kindergarten,insufficient attention by parents to their children’s physical health,and the shortage of sports venues as well as facilities jointly contributed to the consistent decline of teenagers’physical fitness.Therefore,the public should take concerted measures reverse the trend.

关 键 词：7岁儿童 体质 儿童健康 社会转型 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]