低阶谐波磨耗轮对引起的轮轨及等效人体动态响应分析  

Analysis of wheel-rail and equivalent human dynamic response due to low-order harmonic wear wheel-sets

作　　者：李可 刘学文 张经纬 王岩松 张文静 谢军[2] LI Ke;LIU Xue-wen;ZHANG Jing-wei;WANG Yan-song;ZHANG Wen-jing;XIE Jun(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Information Engineering,Nanchang University,Jiangxi 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201620 [2]南昌大学信息工程学院,江西330031

出　　处：《计算力学学报》2020年第1期42-47,共6页Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675324);上海市地方能力建设(19030501100);新能源汽车振动噪声测试与控制专业技术服务平台(18DZ2295900)资助项目.

摘　　要：低阶谐波磨耗轮对不仅会引发高阶谐波磨耗,还会引起列车振动进而影响乘员的舒适性。在传统的10自由度列车模型的基础上,利用集中质量法,将满员时乘客的总质量等效在列车的前后转向架和车体中间三个质量点上,考虑三个等效质量体的沉浮运动,形成了13自由度的人-车模型。该模型既可以研究不同磨耗轮对激励对乘员振动特性的影响,又可以避免将单个乘员纳入系统计算时造成的累计误差。其中轨道结构为多层梁模型,且考虑轮轨接触损失。结果表明,行车速度和磨耗轮对的阶数和波深的增大均会诱发列车发生跳轨现象,影响行车安全。此外,在相同轮对工况下,前端等效人体的垂向加速度均大于车体,所以应该以等效人体而非列车的振动响应来评价乘员舒适性。Low-order harmonic wear wheel-set will not only cause high-order harmonic wear,but also promote stimulate larger train vibration,which would affect passenger comfort.The train is represented by a traditional 10degree-of-freedom model,and a 13-degree-of-freedom human-train model is formed.Thus,the equivalent occupant model can be established to study the influence of different wheel-sets on the vibration characteristics,and the cumulative calculation errors caused by incorporating individual occupants into the system can be avoided.In the calculation process,the track structure is represented by a multi-layer beam model,and the wheel-rail contact loss is considered.The results show that the increase of driving speed,wave depth amplitude and wheel-set order will cause the train to jump and affect the running safety.In addition,the vertical acceleration of the equivalent human body at the front bogie is greater than that of the car body under the same wheelset condition,so the comfort of the passengers should be evaluated by the vibration response of the equivalent human body rather than the train.

关 键 词：低阶磨耗轮对 13自由度人-车动力模型 集中质量法 轮轨接触力 人体舒适性 

分 类 号：O324[理学—一般力学与力学基础]