政治关系、竞争强度对中小企业国际化的影响机制:基于国有控股的调节效应  

Political Relations,Competition Intensity and the Internationalization of SMEs:The Moderation Effect of State-owned Structure

作　　者：焦豪[1] 张月遥 JIAO Hao;ZHANG Yue-yao(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875 [2]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100091

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2020年第2期111-124,共14页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般课题“中国企业国际化过程中非市场战略与市场战略互动及整合研究”(项目编号:17BGL024)资助。

摘　　要：国际化之路对中小企业如何更好运用内外部资源提出了新的要求。针对中小企业内部产权性质,以及政府和竞争者两个外部利益相关者如何影响其国际化程度这一问题,本文运用世界银行调查中国中小企业的数据,结合资源基础论视角和关系网络视角,实证分析母国政治关系和竞争强度这两个外部环境因素对中小企业国际化的影响机制。研究发现:母国政治关系与中小企业的国际化程度正相关;母国所在地竞争强度与中小企业的国际化程度负相关;在国有控股情况下,母国所在地市场竞争强度对国际化程度的阻碍作用会被减轻。中小企业应重视关系在企业国际化中所发挥的角色,与政府建立良好政治关系以缓解其融资难、体量小、转化低等企业成长和国际化中的困难。同时,也不能仅依赖关系带来的资源优势。面对日益开放的全球市场和日益激烈的竞争环境,其根本之道还是需要自身不断维护和构建核心竞争力,以更好地应对激烈的市场竞争。Under the background of economic globalization,corporate internationalization asks SMEs to better use internal and external resources.SMEs have played an increasing important role in the national economy,how will the internal ownership and the two external stakeholders,government and competitors,affect their degree of internationalization?To solve this problem,our study uses the data from the World Bank survey of SMEs in China,and combines the resource-based perspective and the relational network perspective to empirically analyze the influence mechanism of the two external environmental factors,namely,the political relationship and the intensity of competition,on the internationalization of SMEs.The findings are as follows:(1)The domestic political relationship is positively correlated with the degree of internationalization of SMEs;(2)The intensity of competition in the home country is negatively correlated with the degree of internationalization of SMEs;(3)Under the state-owned,the negative relationship between the competition intensity and the degree of internationalization will be alleviated.The conclusion of the study is of referential significance for small and medium-sized enterprises to build a sound political relationship and actively respond to market competition.The conclusions of this study are of significance for SMEs to build a benign political relationship and actively respond to market competition.

关 键 词：政治关系 竞争强度 国有控股 中小企业国际化 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]