基于生态系统服务的中亚水土热资源匹配度时空变化特征  

Spatio-temporal characteristics of the matching degree of water,soil,and heat resources based on ecosystem services in Central Asia

作　　者：闫雪 孟德坤[3,4] 陈迪桃 李倩 杨涛[1,2,3] 李兰海[1,2,3,5,6] YAN Xue;MENG De-kun;CHEN Ditao;LI Qian;YANG Tao;LI Lan-hai(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi830011,China;Ili Station for Watershed Ecosystem Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xinyuan 835800,Xinjiang,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Regional Center of Resources and Environmental Science Instrument,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院伊犁河流域生态系统研究站,新疆新源835800 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [5]中国科学院新疆资源环境科学大型仪器区域中心,乌鲁木齐830011 [6]中国科学院中亚生态与环境研究中心,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2020年第3期794-806,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA2004030202)和中国科学院“西部青年学者”B类项目(2016-QNXZ-B-13)资助。

摘　　要：水土热资源匹配程度与生态系统的稳定及其可持续性密切相关。本研究通过引入与人类福祉相关的生态系统服务的概念,利用基于遥感数据的植被净初级生产力(NPP)指标法构建了中亚地区水土热资源匹配度指数,采用趋势分析和Hurst指数方法,分析了中亚水土热资源匹配度的时空变化特征,并探讨其与气候因子及水分利用效率的相关性。结果表明:中亚地区水土热资源匹配度总体偏低(9.3),且在不同生物群区具有明显的空间差异性,总体表现为高山森林区>高山草甸区>典型草原区>荒漠草原区>湖区>荒漠区。2000-2015年间,中亚地区各生物群区的水土热资源匹配度与区域总体水土热资源匹配度均表现为波动下降,但变幅小、持续性较差。气温和降水在空间分布上的巨大差异性及错位性是中亚水土热资源匹配度总体偏低的主要原因,降水对中亚水土热资源匹配度的影响强于气温,中亚水土热资源匹配度与水分利用效率之间也有较强的相关性。The status of matching degree among water,soil,and heat resources determines ecosystem stability and sustainability.Under the framework of ecosystem services related to human well-being,we constructed the matching index of water,soil,and heat resources in Central Asia by the vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)index method based on remote sensing data.We analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of the matching degree in Central Asia,and correlations between the matching degree and climatic factors,water use efficiency using trend analysis and the Hurst index.The results showed that the matching degree of water,soil,and heat resources was generally low in Central Asia with a mean value of 9.3.There were obvious differences in the mat-ching degree in different biomes,with the order of alpine forest region>alpine meadow region>typical steppe region>desert steppe region>lake>desert region.From 2000 to 2015,the matching degree of water,soil,and heat resources in each biome and in the whole Central Asia showed a fluctuating downward trend.However,the matching degree changed slightly,with relatively poor persistence.There was a large difference and misalignment of spatial variation in temperature and precipitation,which was the main cause of low matching degree of water,soil,and heat resources.The effect of precipitation on the matching degree of water,soil,and heat resources in Central Asia was stronger than that of the temperature.There was a strong correlation between the matching degree and water use efficiency in Central Asia.

关 键 词：水土热资源匹配度 生态系统服务 气象因子 水分利用效率 中亚地区 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]