卡特政府对印尼政策的转变——以印尼占领东帝汶为中心  

Carter Administration′s Foreign Policy towards Indonesia--with Focus on Indonesia′s Occupation of East Timor

作　　者：徐聪聪 XU Cong-cong(School of Society and History,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou Fujian 350117)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《巢湖学院学报》2020年第1期31-37,共7页Journal of Chaohu University

摘　　要：对于印尼吞并东帝汶的行动,卡特政府继承福特时期对印尼的默许态度,无视印尼在东帝汶的暴行继续给予印尼大量的军事援助,给东帝汶人民带来长期且严重的人道主义灾难。到后期,卡特政府又迫于国际上的压力,对除“自决权”之外的东帝汶人权状况多有关注,并力压苏哈托接受国际人权组织对东帝汶的援助,以彰显其外交政策在道义上的优越感。美国对东帝汶事件一系列的做法,暴露出卡特政府人权外交背后存在的双重标准。在冷战国际战略的背景下,人权也成为美国谋求国家利益最大化的工具之一。人权外交构成了美国卡特政府对印尼外交政策的主要内容,其中美国对印尼出兵占领东帝汶行动的态度成为衡量卡特人权外交的“试金石”。Regarding Indonesia′s annexation of East Timor,the Carter government has inherited the acquiescence of Indonesia during the Ford period,ignoring Indonesia′s atrocities in East Timor and continuing to give Indonesia a large amount of military assistance,which brought long-term and serious humanitarian disaster to the people of East Timor.In the later period,the Carter administration was under international pressure to pay more attention to the human rights situation in East Timor beyond the"right to self-determination"and to force Suharto to accept international human rights organizations′assistance to East Timor to demonstrate the moral superiority of its foreign policy.A series of US actions against East Timor have exposed the double standards behind the Carter Administration′s human rights diplomacy.In the context of the international strategy of the Cold War,human rights have also become one of the tools for the United States to maximize national interests.Human rights diplomacy constitutes the main content of the Carter administration′s foreign policy toward Indonesia.The United States’attitude toward Indonesia′s military occupation of East Timor became the"touchstone"of Carter′s human rights policy.

关 键 词：卡特政府 人权外交 苏哈托 东帝汶 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]