交通可达性、边界效应与中国跨境贸易发展——基于沿边地区的空间计量分析  

Transportation Accessibility,Boundary Effect and Cross-Border Trade Development in China——Based on the Spatial Econometric Analysis in Border Areas

作　　者：李彦 屠年松[2] LI Yan;TU Niansong(Jinan University, 510632;Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650093)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学经济学院,510632 [2]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,650093

出　　处：《财贸经济》2020年第4期144-I0001,共18页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于边界效应视角的GMS空间经济一体化推进机制研究”(41461026)。

摘　　要：降低城市边界效应,对于促进要素流动、推动跨境贸易发展具有重要意义。本文基于空间经济学的分析框架,构建了交通可达性和边界效应对沿边地区进出口贸易影响的理论模型,利用2000—2013年中国沿边地区76个地级市与毗邻国家的贸易数据及自身内贸数据,以跨境可达性来反映沿边城市的交通可达性并进行实证分析。结果证实:沿边城市与周边地区的进出口贸易存在显著的空间相关性,如果忽略空间效应的影响,则会带来边界效应的高估;交通可达性、经济规模对于跨境贸易发展发挥着显著的正向影响,而边界效应和城市化率则具有负面效应;交通可达性对沿边城市进口贸易的影响具有明显的空间外溢效应,但对其出口贸易的影响仅具有直接效应。区域异质性分析结果表明,交通可达性的提高有利于降低边界效应的不利影响,且对经济基础薄弱的西南地区改善作用最大。为更好地促进沿边城市的跨境贸易高质量发展,应当加快跨境交通网络建设,不断提升边境地区城市化质量,并实施差异化的沿边开放政策。Reducing the boundary effect among cities is of great significance for promoting cross-border flow of factors and cross-border trade development.Based on the analysis frame of spatial economics,we built a theoretical model of the impacts of transportation accessibility and boundary effect on import and export of border areas.Then,an empirical test was also conducted by using the trade data between 76 prefecture-level border cities and neighboring countries and their own domestic trade data from 2000 to 2013,where cross-border accessibility was adopted to reflect the level of transportation accessibility of border cities.The results prove that there is a significant spatial correlation between the import and export of border cities and surrounding areas.The boundary effect would be overestimated if the spatial effect is neglected.Transportation accessibility and economic scale have significant positive effects on cross-border trade development,while the border effect and urbanization rate have negative effects.Transportation accessibility has an obvious spatial spillover effect on the import of border cities,but only direct effect on their export.The results of regional heterogeneity analysis show that better transportation accessibility is conducive to reducing the adverse outcomes of the boundary effect,especially so in southwestern areas with weak economic foundation.In order to promote cross-border trade of border cities,we should accelerate the construction of cross-border transportation network,improve the quality of urbanization and implement differentiated opening policies in border areas.

关 键 词：交通可达性 边界效应 跨境贸易 沿边城市 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]