牛瘤胃液体外发酵对饲草茎秆组织形态结构的影响  

Effects of Cattle Rumen Fluid in vitro Fermentation onMorphology and Structure of Tissue in Stalk

作　　者：王宪举 魏海燕 姜翠霞 闫琦 刘振恒 丁路明[1] WANG Xianju;WEI Haiyan;JIANG Cuixia;YAN Qi;LIU Zhenheng;DING Luming(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,School of Life Sciences,Engineering Research Center of Arid Agriculture and Ecological Remediation of Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Grassland Station,Maqu County Livestock and Forest Bureau,Gansu Province,Maqu 747300,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州大学旱区农业与生态修复教育部工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省玛曲县畜牧林业局草原站,甘肃玛曲747300

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第3期42-46,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化计划项目(2018-SF-145);青海省重点实验室专项(2013-Z-Y03)。

摘　　要：为了更直观的反映饲草在瘤胃发酵过程中组织形态结构的变化,以风干后玉米和高粱茎秆以及青贮后玉米和高粱茎秆为材料,以4头体况相似的公黄牛作为瘤胃液供体进行体外发酵试验。每种饲草茎秆切割后分成四份,体外发酵时长分别为0 h、12 h、24 h和48 h。用改良的石蜡切片技术制作永久装片,置于显微镜下观察。结果表明,随发酵时间的延长,四种饲草茎秆组织中薄壁细胞破裂的数量逐渐增多,基本组织结构逐渐被破坏,甚至出现组织缺损;韧皮部细胞逐渐消失,维管束的结构被轻微改变。发酵对茎秆中基本组织的破环程度大于纤维组织。在48 h体外发酵过程中,后24 h的发酵效率高于前24 h。瘤胃发酵对纤维束中完整细胞的壁厚、腔径以及荣凯尔系数没有显著影响。维管束中细胞的细胞壁的几乎不能被降解。In order to directly reflect the structural and morphological changes of forage tissue during rumen fermentation,in this experiment,four male cattle with similar body conditions were used as the rumen fluid donors to carry out in vitro fermentation tests with dried corn,dried sorghum stalks,silage corn,and silage sorghum stalks.Then each stalk was divided into 4 parts for fermentation for different time points(0 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h)respectively.After fermentation,by applying the modified paraffin section technique,the debris of stalk were made into cross-section slice and observed with a microscope.Results showed:with the extension of fermentation time,the quantity of parenchyma cell with broken cell wall increased and the structure of ground tissue was incomplete.Meanwhile,the morphological characteristics of vascular bundles was slightly changed.Fermentation damaged more basic tissue than fiber texture in stalk.During 48 h in vitro fermentation,the fermentation efficiency of the post-24 h was higher than the pre-24 h phase.There was no significant difference on cell wall thickness,lumen diameter and Rongkell coefficient of fiber in different time of fermentation.The cell wall of the vascular bundles can hardly be degraded.

关 键 词：秸秆 体外发酵 石蜡切片 组织形态结构 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]